A&P Flashcards
1
Q
4 steps of bone ossification
A
Hematoma formation
Callus formation
Ossification
Bone remodeling
2
Q
Which term is used to describe movement of the arms & legs away from the midline of the body
A
Abduction
3
Q
ABCD of cancer
A
Melanoma
4
Q
Active Transport
A
Requires energy and work from the cell
5
Q
Adrenal glands secrete
A
Cortisol and Aldosterone
6
Q
Aerobic respiration happens in presence of
A
Oxygen
7
Q
Aerobic respiration takes place in
A
Mitochondria and requires O2 & Glucose
Produces Carbon dioxide, water, and energy
8
Q
Afferent
A
Toward CNS
9
Q
All actions of the nervous system depend on the transmission of nerve impulses over which of the following
A
Neurons
10
Q
Anaerobic respiration also produces
A
Energy and uses glucose but produces less energy than aerobic respiration
It doesn’t require oxygen
11
Q
Anaerobic respiration can lead to a burning sensation caused by which molecule?
A
Lactic acid
12
Q
Aqueous humor is watery fluid in which part of the body
A
Eye
13
Q
As part of negative feedback system which type of cell is stimulated to resorb bone matrix in response to decrease in calcium in the blood
A
Osteoclasts
14
Q
Aspirin occurs when there is a tear in which structures?
A
Ligament
15
Q
Auricle
A
A thin pouch in the heart
16
Q
Autonomic nervous system
A
Involuntary movements
Sympathetic and Parasympathetic nervous system
17
Q
Blood that has supplied nutrients & oxygen to the heart muscle returns to the right atrium via
A
Coronary sinus
18
Q
The buttocks are which surface of the body?
A
Dorsal
19
Q
Calcaneous is located in?
A
Foot
20
Q
Calciferol is controlled by?
A
Parathyroid
21
Q
Capillaries
A
Carry blood away from the body in order to exchange nutrients, oxygen, and waste
22
Q
Cartilaginous
A
Connection between articulating bones made up of cartilage
23
Q
Cellular contact is important for
A
Wound healing
24
Q
Ceruminous glands secrete
A
Ear wax
25
Client has a large pituitary tumor. What part of the body does this affect?
Head hurt, sickness, low blood pressure
26
Diet is important because bones are storage places for
Calcium and phosphorus
27
Diffusion
Passive movement of molecular particles along a concentration gradient, or from higher to regions of lower concentration.
28
Diploid
46 chromosomes
29
Distal convoluted tubule works with hormone
ADH
30
Distal convulted tubule controlled by
PTH
31
Dorsiflexion plantar flexion are types of joint movement that are associated with which part of the body?
Foot
32
Efferent
Away from the CNS
33
Endocytosis
Engulfs and brings in
34
Esophagus is part of the
Digestive system
35
Eustachian tube
Links the nasopharynx to the middle ear
36
Exocytosis
Fuses with plasma membrane and releases content outside of cell
37
Fertilization occurs in the?
Oviduct
38
Fertilization of an ovum occurs in which anatomical structure?
Fallopian tubes
39
fibrous joint
immoveable and held together by ligaments only
| ex. teeth in socket
40
functional units of the kidney
nephrons
41
function of parathyroid
activation of vitamin D
42
the gallbladder is part of
digestive system
43
Gamete
a mature haploid male or female germ
cell that is able to unite with another of
the opposite sex in sexual reproduction
to form a zygote.
44
Golgi apparatus
| functions as?
process protein secretion. synthesize
| carbs and glycoproteins
45
haploid
23 chromosomes
46
HCL chemical in
stomach, why not
absorbed/ harm
stomach
mucus lining protects
47
heart with largest
| layer
left ventricle
48
High levels of
which ion would
most likely result
in a cardiac arrest?
Potassium
49
Hormone(s) is/are
produced by the
ovaries?
Estrogen & progesterone
50
how does lymph
work with
circulatory
lymph draws excess fluid from the
| cells and deposits it into blood vessels
51
how does nervous
system work with
muscular
tells muscles how to respond to
| environment
52
how is pepsin used
| in the body
breakdown proteins
53
4. How many carbs per
gram do
carbohydrates
contain?
4
54
How many days is
the average
menstrual cycle?
28 days
55
Increase in the rate of
depth of breath
results in what blood
PH change?
alkalosis
56
in order for
| inhalation to occur
contraction of the diaphragm, which
enlarges the chest cavity and draws
air
57
inspiration
expands thoracic cavity
58
In white blood cells
what contributes to
phagocytosis?
macrophages, neutrophils
59
layers of epidermis
| outer to inner
corneum, lucidum, granulosum,
spinosum, basale
can lily grant Serena boys
60
ligament
bone to bone
61
Ligaments provide
| with connection?
Bone to bone
62
lymphocytes
important in immune system
63
The Malleus, Incus,
and Stapes are
located in which part
of the body?
Ear
64
The mediastinum is
located within which
cavity?
Thoracic
65
Meiosis:
to make haploid gametes and the
| production of germs cells
66
Mitosis-
the process of cell division that
occurs in five stages before pinching
two "daughter" cells in a process
called cytokinesis
67
The mitral valve is
located between
which two structures?
Left ventricle & Left atrium
68
The Mitral valve is
located between
which two structures?
left atrium left ventricle
69
monocytes
becomes macrophages
70
most abundant tissue
connective tissue
71
most obvious skin
| cancer
basal cell carcinoma
72
parts of sternum
manibrium
body
xiphoid
73
passive transport
| and examples
doesn't require energy
| ex. diffusion and osmosis
74
```
A person who has
damaged the ulnar
nerve will have
decreased sensation
in which area?
```
arm -inability to adduct arms and
| fingers
75
```
A person who has
damaged the ulnar
nerve will have
decreased sensation
in which area?
```
arm -inability to adduct arms and
| fingers
76
Photosynthesis-
```
the precursor to the glucose molecule is
produced in a process. Use sunlight
to synthesize foods from carbon
dioxide and water. Generates oxygen
as a byproduct
```
77
pituitary gland
| produces
adrenocorticotropic hormone
| GH
78
pituitary gland
| produces
Sagittal
79
polypeptides are
chains of amino acids
80
the ribs are attached to the
the sternum
81
the rough endoplasmic reticulum functions in the human cell to?
Synthesize protein
82
sebaceous gland
secretes oil
83
separates the abdominal and thoracic cavity
diagram
84
skeletal system function
1. protection
2. movement
3. mineral storage
4. production of blood
85
soft spot on baby's head
fontanelle
86
Somatic nervous system
voluntary movements
87
the structure that provides a pulse reading in the neck
Carotid Artery
88
Part of the brain attaches to the spinal cord?
oblongata
89
Sweat on the skin's surface cools the
| body through which process?
Evaporation
90
synovial joints
highly moveable
hinge, pivot,
saddle
91
tendon
bone to muscle
92
The esophagus is located in which
| body cavity?
thoracic
93
The olfactory nerves are associated in
| which sense?
Smell
94
The orthopedic surgeon informs you
that you have broken the distal region
of the humerus. What area is he
describing?
Epiphsis
95
The pulse point located behind the
| the knee is palpated over which artery?
Popliteal
96
Is Tissue repair enhanced by a diet of high in?
Protein
97
top of sternum
manubrium
98
Two principles divisions that makeup
| nervous system?
Peripheral (PNS)
| & Central (CNS)
99
two types of asexual reproduction
binary fission
| and mitosis
100
The tympanic membrane is located
| between which structures?
external auditory
canal and
middle ear
101
Urinary system in the human body
| primary task is to?
expel waste
102
Vessel carries blood from the body to
| the heart?
Vena cava
103
what are fingerprints made of
Friction Ridges
| dac
104
What are hormones?
chemical
| messengers
105
What are like cells grouped together
| called?
A tissue
106
what are the glands of the skin that
| produce a thin and watery secretion
eccrine glands
107
what are the two functions of the male
| and female sex organs?
C. Production of
gametes and
production of
hormones
108
What blood vessel prefuses the kidney?
Renal vein
109
vastus lateralis
extends knee
| and stabilizes
110
what bones are formed first during
| intramembraneous ossification
flat bone of face
| and cranial
111
What cell structure regulates the
transportation of substances in and out
the cell?
Plasma
| membrane
112
What cellular process helps to move
debris and mucous through the lining of
tubules?
Cilia
113
what do endocrine hormones do
```
growth
metabolsim
sexual
development and
function
```
114
What effects do serotonin has or
| neurotransmitters?
appetite, sleep,
| mood
115
What epidermal derivative is involved
| in temperature homeostasis?
Eccrine gland
116
What female reproductive organ
produces oocytes, estrogen,
progesterone
ovaries
117
What glad is located on the anterior
| surface of the trachea?
Thyroid Gland
118
What hormone induces growth of pubic
| and axillary hair at puberty?
Testosterone and
| estrogen
119
What internal structure of the ear is
| concerned with hearing?
Cochlea
120
what is a normal beat
72 bpm 120 over
| 80
121
What is the definition of chyme?
```
bolus that turns
into soupy
substance.
The result of
action by the
stomach.
```
122
What is the effect of serotonin, a
| neurotransmitter?
Involved with
mood, anxiety
and sleep
123
What is the exchang eof gases
between the atmosphere and the
blood through the alveoli called?
External
| respiration
124
What is the function of the
| hypothalamus
regulates function
of body, balance,
thermoreg
125
What is the function of the
| thrombocytes (platelets)?
Play role in
| blood clotting
126
What is the outer most protective
| layer of the skin?
Epidermis
127
What is the primary function of the
| hemoglobin (blood)?
Carry oxygen
128
What is the response of cells in the
collecting tubules in the nephrons when
antidiuretic hormone ADH is secreted?
```
Water is
reabsorbed
from the
urinary
filtrate
```
129
What is the response of cells in the
collecting tubules in the nephrons when
antidiuretic hormone AHD is secreted?
```
Water is
reabsorbed
from the
urinary
filtrate
```
130
What is the result of carbon dioxide in the
| body?
body
become
more acidic
131
What lobe of the brain is responsible for
| auditory functioning?
Temporal
132
what makes the colors of the skin
melanin and
| melanocytes
133
what makes up most plasma
water
134
What occurs when the sympathetic nervous
| system is stimulated? Increased
Cardiac
| output
135
What occurs when the sympathetic nervous
| system is stimulation is increased?
Blood
pressure
rises, goose
bumps
136
What organ produces insulin?
pancreas
137
What part of the body is the lower back?
lumbar
138
What part of the brain is attached to the
| spinal cord?
medulla
| oblongata
139
What part of the respiratory system is I the
| upper respiratory?
Bronchioles,
alveolar
ducts, and
alveoli
140
What plane divides the body from left to
| right?
sagittal
| plane
141
What stimulates the chemoreceptors to
| function?
rise in CO2;
| Fall in o2
142
What structure conduct urine from the
| kidney to the urinary bladder?
Ureter
143
What structure is located in the upper
| airways?
nose,
| pharynx
144
What structure of the eye picks out color?
retina
145
What type of synovial joint is the elbow?
Hinge
146
```
When assessing a female client who
describes herself as a vegetarian in the
nurse notes that she has an unusual skin
color. The nurse should ask the client if she
has eaten large amount of:
```
carrot and
| squash.
147
when boxer gets hit and has deviated
| septum?
vomer (in
| nose)
148
When drawing blood from
antecubital region which blood
the vessel is used to obtain blood?
median cubital
149
When water molecules move across
cell membrane from high to low
concentration this process is
called?
osmosis
150
where are Schwann cells
nervous system
151
Where does digestion begin in the
| digestive system?
Oral cavity
152
Where does fertilization occur?
fallopian tubes
153
Where in the body are nutrients
| absorbed?
Small intestine
154
Where is the tibialis anterior muscle
| located?
Lower leg
155
Which anatomical structure houses
| the malleus, incus, and stapes?
Skull ear
156
Which bone does not articulate with
| any other bone?
Hyoid
157
Which condition causes a client to
| say "I can't see far away"?
Nearsightedness
158
Which gland is commonly known as
| the "Master Gland"?
Pituitary Gland
159
Which hand position describes an
| the anatomical position of a person who is standing erect with feet forward?
Palms of the hand
| facing anterior
160
Which hormone is produced by the
| posterior pituitary gland?
Oxytocin &antidiuretic hormone
161
Which hormone is produced by the
| posterior pituitary gland?
ADH and OT
162
which hormone is released by
| posterior lobe
oxytocin.
163
Which is a hollow organ?
gall bladder
164
Which muscle is included in the
| quadriceps femoris group?
Rectus femoris,
Vastus lateralis,
vastus medilis,
vastus intermedius
165
Which muscle of the quadriceps
femoris group lies on the slide
surface of the lower extremity?
Vastus lateralis
166
Which of the following is a structure
| found in the upper respiratory?
Pharynx
167
which of the following location
would the urinary bladder & internal
reproductive organ be found
pelvic region
168
Which of the following produce
progesterone to prepare the uterus
for pregnancy?
Corpus luteum
169
Which of the following statements best describe endocrine glands?
They secrete chemicals into the
| blood
170
which one increases angle at the joint
extensor
171
Which organ is part of both the male reproductive system and the urinary system?
Urethra
172
which organ system is responsible for regulating muscle growth
endocrine
173
Which part of the brain is involved in auditory functioning?
Temporal lobe
174
Which statement is true about bone?
Osteoblast, epiphyseal, diaphysis
175
Which structure carries oxygen to the cells?
Hemoglobin
176
Which structure is a ball and socket joint?
Shoulder
177
Which structure is located on the sternum
Xiphoid process
178
. Which structure is responsible for normal respiratory function?
medulla oblongata
179
Which structure produces B-lymphocytes?
red bone marrow
180
Which structure produces T-lymphocytes?
thymus
181
Which structure regulates the transport of substances in and out of a cell?
The cell membrane
182
which system produces antibodies
lymphatic
183
which tissue serves as the framework of the body by providing support and structure for
organs
connective
184
Within which vessel does blood return from the lungs?
Pulmonary vein
