A&P Flashcards
(160 cards)
0
Q
3 parts of an atom
A
Proton- positive; in nucleus
Neutron- neutral; in nucleus
Electron- negative; outside nucleus
1
Q
3 needs of living things
A
Food, water, oxygen, constant temperature
2
Q
Amount of matter
A
Mass
3
Q
Anything that has mass and volume
A
Matter
4
Q
Approximately equal to the total of protons and neutrons
A
Atomic weight
5
Q
Assemblage of all other groups of matter
A
Organism
6
Q
Atoms that have gained or lost electrons and have a electrons and have a electrostatic charge
A
Ion
7
Q
Types of cells:
Basic nerves cells are called what
A
Neurons
8
Q
Basic unit of all matter
A
Atom
9
Q
Type of tissue:
Beneath skin, around kidneys, behind eyeballs, on the surface of the heart
A
Adipose
10
Q
Type of tissue:
Beneath skin, between muscles, and beneath epithelial tissues
A
Areolar
11
Q
Type of tissue:
Between the bony parts of the spinal column, parts of the pelvic girdle and knee
A
Fibrocartlige
12
Q
Type of tissue:
Binds organs together and holds tissue fluids
A
Areolar tissue
13
Q
Types of cells:
Bone cells
A
Osteocytes
14
Q
Bone matrix is thin layers
A
Lamellae
15
Q
Types of systems:
Brain, spinal chord, and peripheral nerves
A
Nervous
16
Q
Types of systems:
Carries oxygen rich blood to the cells
A
Cardiovascular
17
Q
Types of cells:
Cartilage cells
A
Chondrocytes
18
Q
Cavity that contains the heart
A
Mediastinum
19
Q
A chemical change caused by the breaking, forming or sharing bonds
A
Reaction
20
Q
Cell parts:
Clear jelly like fluid in the cell that holds the organelles and it is the site for many chemical reactions
A
Cytoplasm
21
Q
Combinations of proteins and carbohydrates that make fingernails and toenails
A
Glycoproteins
22
Q
Combining two or more substances into a new substance
A
Synthesis
23
Q
Compounds that contain carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, and nitrogen
A
Proteins
24
Types of solutions:
The concentration of solutes inside the cell is the same as the concentration outside of the cell
Isotonic solutions
25
Types of solutions:
The concentration of solutes outside the cell is greater than the concentration inside of the cell
HypERtonic solution
26
Types of solutions:
The concentration of solutes outside the cell is lower than the concentration inside of the cell
HypOtonic solution
27
Cell parts:
Contains digestive enzymes to break down excess or worn out cell parts
Lysosomes
28
Cell parts:
Contains enzymes that are catalysts for liver and kidney functions
Peroxisomes
29
Cell parts:
Contains DNA for the cell
Chromatin
30
Cell parts:
The control center for the cell, it controls all of the activities of the cell
Nucleus
31
Types of systems:
Control/regulation of other systems
Nervous
32
Controlled by conscious thought
Voluntary
33
Diffusion of water molecules
Osmosis
34
DNA is
Nucleic acid
35
Doesn't dissolve in water
Organic compounds
36
Enzymes are types of
Protein
37
Types of systems:
Excretion of wastes, fluid, and electrolyte balance
Urinary
38
Feels slimy
Bases
39
Framework of external ear and parts of the larynx
Elastic cartridge
40
Functions in protein synthesis
RNA
41
Types of systems:
Gas exchange, acid-base balance
Respiratory
42
Glands that make ear wax
Ceruminous
43
Groups of cells with similar structure and function
Tissue
44
How many amino acids compose most of our proteins
20
45
How many calories in 1 gram of lipid
9
46
How many calories in 1 gram of protein
4.5
47
Intercellular material
Matrix
48
Is one of the involuntary muscles
Cardiac or smooth muscles
49
Cell parts:
It controls what goes into and out of the cell
Cell membrane
50
Light and dark bands in skeletal muscle
Striations
51
A liquid droplet taken into the cell
Pinocytosis
52
List 2 characteristics of living things
Respond and reproduce
53
Located near blood vessels and release heparin and histamine
Mast cells
54
Lymph nodes, spleen, thymus, and tonsils
Lymphatic
55
Major component of blood and other body fluids
Water
56
Cell parts:
Makes proteins; they are sometimes called protein factories
Ribosomes
57
Makes up about 2/3 of the body's weight
Water
58
Type of tissue:
The matrix is in layers
Bone
59
Means more than one layer
Stratified
60
Cell parts:
Modifies the proteins in the cell and sends them to correct organelle
Golgi apparatus
61
The molecules are bonded to a carrier molecule
Receptor mediated
62
Molecules are forced to move from higher pressure areas to lower pressure areas
Filtration
63
Most common, large star shaped cells that produce fibers in the matrix
Fibroblasts
64
Type of tissue:
Movements of the internal organs
Smooth muscles
65
Moving of substances out of the cell
Exocytosis
66
Type of tissue:
Muscle that has light and dark bands
Striated muscle
67
Type of tissue:
Muscles with the smallest of the muscle fibers
Smooth
68
Type of tissue:
Nose, ends of bones, rings in the walls of respiratory passages
Hyaline cartilage
69
Not controlled by conscious thought
Involuntary
70
The number that represents the number of protons in an element
Atomic number
71
Oil glands of skin
Sebaceous
72
Type of tissue:
One of the tissues with lacunae
Cartilage or bone
73
One or more cells that secrete substances
Gland
74
The only sugar that the body can use
Glucose
75
pH is greater than 7
Bases
76
Types of systems:
Pituitary glands, adrenals, pancreas ect..
Endocrine
77
A positive ion
Cation
78
Prevents blood clotting
Heparin
79
Types of systems:
Process of breaking down food to provide energy
Digestion
80
Process of getting rid of wastes
Excretion
81
Process of maintaining balance in the body
Homeostasis
82
Types of systems:
Process of making new cells or new organisms
Reproduction
83
Process of molecules moving from an area of great concentration to an area of lower concentration
Diffusion
84
Produce thicker fluids
Mucus
85
Produce watery fluids with high concentration of enzymes
Serous
86
Produces the ribosomes
Nucleolus
87
Types of systems:
Production and nurturing of offspring
Reproductive
88
Promotes reactions linked with inflammation and allergies
Histamine
89
Types of systems:
Protection, temperature, regulation, sensation
Integumentary
90
Type of tissue:
Protects, insulates, stores fat
Adipose
91
Proteins that fight foreign substances in the body
Antibodies
92
Proteins that work as catalysts
Enzymes
93
Provides support, framework, and protection
Bone
94
Pumps the blood
Cardiac muscles
95
Revives the stimulus
Receptors
96
Release hydrogen ions
Acids
97
Released from the body by the lungs as a waste product
Carbon dioxide
98
Secrete into ducts or onto an organ surface
Exocrine
99
Secrete into tissue fluid or blood
Endocrine
100
Type of tissue:
Sensory reception and conduction of nerve impulses
Nervous tissue
101
Separating a substance into simpler components
Decomposition
102
A series of tubules that transports lipids and proteins
Endoplasmic reticulum
103
The simple sugars
Monosaccharides
104
Types of systems:
Skeletal muscles and tendons
Muscular
105
Types of systems:
The skeleton
Bone
106
Small chambers in the matrix
Lacunae
107
Small hairlike extensions that are used for motion
Cilia
108
Small molecules that are the building blocks for proteins
Amino acids
109
Smallest self-Contained unit of living substance
Cell
110
A solid particle taken into the cell
Phagocytosis
111
Starches are types of
Carbohydrates
112
Start as white blood cells that move and act as phagocytes to clear foreign particles from the tissues
Macrophages
113
Steroids are a type of
Fats
114
Types of systems:
Stomach, intestines, esophagus, ect..
Digestive
115
Types of studies:
Study of children and their diseases
Pediatrics
116
Study of dead bodies and what may have been wrong with them
Pathology
117
Types of studies:
Study of drugs and their uses in the treatment of disease
Pharmacy
118
Types of studies:
Study of the elderly and their diseases
Geriatrics
119
Types of studies:
Study of how the body functions
Physiology
120
Types of studies:
Study of poisons
Toxicology
121
Types of studies:
Study of the composition of matter and the changes it undergoes
Chemistry
122
Types of studies:
Study of the heart and heart disease
Cardiology
123
Types of studies:
Study of the structure of the body
Anatomy
124
Substance that controls the rate of reaction without being consumed
Catalysts
125
Substance that is composed of only one kind of atom
Element
126
Types of systems:
Supports soft tissues, protects organs, and stores minerals
Skeletal
127
Type of tissue:
Supports, protects, and absorbs shock
Fibrocartilage
128
Type of tissue:
Supports, protects, and provides flexible framework
Elastic and hyaline cartilage
129
Substances that dissolve in water and carry an electric current
Electrolytes
130
Tastes sour
Acids
131
They secrete mucus to protect the surface of tissue and are transparent, containing no nucleus
Goblet cells
132
Thick threads of the protein collagen that are flexible and strong
Collagenous fibers
133
Thin collagenous fibers that branch
Reticular fibers
134
Thin fibers of the protein elastin, stretches and returns to normal
Elastic fibers
135
Type of tissue:
Throughout the circulatory system
Blood
136
Type of tissue:
Tissue that contain large vacuoles for fat storage
Adipose
137
Tissues with a blood supply
Vascular
138
Tissues with no blood supply
Avascular
139
Cell parts:
Transforms stored food molecules into energy to be used by cells
Mitochondria
140
Type of tissue:
Transports substances and helps maintain
Blood
141
Two or more atoms that are bonded together are called this
Compound or molecule
142
Used for respiration
Oxygen
143
Types of studies:
Using X-rays to study diseases
Radiology
144
Type of tissue:
Usually attached to bones
Striated muscle
145
Type of tissue:
Voluntary movements of the skeleton
striated muscle
146
Type of tissue:
Walls of the heart
Cardiac muscle
147
Type of tissue:
Walls of the hollow internal organs
Smooth muscles
148
A waterproof protein found in the surface layers of stratified squamous epithelial tissues
Keratin
149
What are the 4 parts of blood
Red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets, and plasma
150
What happens to cells placed in an isotonic solution
Nothing- no change
151
What is one function of fats (lipids)
Store energy
152
What is one function of proteins?
Provide building material
153
Wjat is the standard anatomical position?
Head erect, standing , arms done by sides with palms facing forward
154
What is the difference between active and passive transport
Active cell provides energy
155
What number is neutral pH?
7
156
Which type of carbohydrates are better for your diet
Complex
157
Which type of fat can cause heart problems
Saturated
158
Cell parts:
Whiplike extension used for movement
Flagellum
159
Why would a person need dialysis
Kidney failure
