A&P Final Flashcards
1
Q
Jejunum
A
Middle part of small intestine
2
Q
Arthroscope
A
Instrument to see inside joints
3
Q
Bronchoscope
A
Instrument to view inside the lungs
4
Q
Colposcope
A
Instrument to view inside vagina
5
Q
Gastroscope
A
View inside stomach
6
Q
Laparoscope
A
View inside of abdomen
7
Q
Ophthalmoscope
A
View inside of the eye
8
Q
Otoscope
A
View inside of ear
9
Q
Sigmoidoscope
A
View inside of sigmoid colon
10
Q
Location: Femoral
A
Groin Area
11
Q
Location: Brachial
A
Bicep area, between shoulder & elbow
12
Q
Location: Dorsalis Pedis
A
Top of the foot
13
Q
Location: Radial
A
Wrist
14
Q
Location: Popliteal
A
Behind knee
15
Q
Location: Carotid
A
Neck
16
Q
Definition: Embolism
A
Blockage of artery
17
Q
Definition: Thrombosis
A
Formation of blood clots
18
Q
Definition: Phlebitis
A
Inflammation of vein
19
Q
Definition: Venogram
A
X-ray of vein
20
Q
Definition: Plasma
A
Fluid part of blood, water part
21
Q
Definition: Serum
A
Liquid part of the blood, fluid separates from clotted blood
22
Q
Definition: Diarrhea
A
Frequent, excessive bowel movement.
23
Q
Definition: Veins
A
Vessel carrying blood to heart.
24
Q
Definition: Arteries
A
Type of blood vessel carries blood from heart to rest of body.
25
Definition: Oxytocin
Hormone that induces labor
26
Definition: Testosterone
Male hormone produced in testes
27
Definition: Pulse
Regular beat of blood caused by heart contraction
28
Definition: Blood Pressure
Pressure exerted by blood
29
Definition: Enteritis
Inflammation of intestines
30
Definition: Hepatitis
Inflammation of the liver
31
Definition: Incontinence
Failure to restrain sexual appetite
32
Definition: Cerebrum
Front part of the brain
33
Definition: Cerebellum
Rear part of the brain with two hemispheres
34
Definition: Duodenum
First section of small intestine
35
Definition: Inguinal
Groin
36
Definition: Mediastinal
Region in chest between lungs
37
Definition: Cortex of kidney
Outer layer of the organ.
38
Definition: Calyx of kidney
Collects urine as it is formed
39
Definition: Testes
Male reproductive gland
40
Definition: Prostate
Gland within male system located just below bladder
41
Definition: Pharynx
Medical term for throat.
42
Definition: Apnea
Not breathing
43
Definition: Dyspnea
Difficultly breathing
44
Definition: Oliguria
Small amount of urine
45
Definition: Femur
Main bone in thigh
46
Definition: Humerous
Bone in upper arm
47
Definition: Tracheotomy
Cut into trachea
48
Definition: Thoracotomy
Incision into chest wall
49
Definition: Synapse
Point of which axon of one neuron meet dendrite of next neuron.
50
Definition: Axon
Extension of nerve cell
51
Definition: Dendrite
Branched extension of nerve cell, receives electrical signals
52
Definition: Dura Mater
Tough outer most membrane around the brain
53
Definition: Pia Mater
Membrane the is around spine and brain
54
Definition: Arachnoid
Membrane in spinal cord
55
Definition: Tympanic Membrane
Eardrum
56
Definition: Cochlea
Spinal structure spiraling hearing organ in the inner ear
57
Definition: Capillaries
Smallest blood vessels
58
Definition: Trachea
Breathing tube
59
Definition: Larynx
Voice box
60
Olig/o
Scanty
61
Dys-
Abnormal, painful, difficult
62
Lapar/o
Abdomen
63
Arthr/o
Joint
64
Gastr/o
Stomach
65
Ven/o
Vein
66
Bronch/o
Bronchus
67
Ophthalam/o
Eye
68
Colp/o
Vagina
69
Ot/o
Ear
70
Sigmoid/o
Sigmond colon
71
Cyst/o
Urinary Bladder
72
Brady-
Slow
73
My/o
To shut, muscle
74
Lip/o
Fat
75
Viscer/o
Internal organ
76
Enter/o
Small Intestine
77
-itis
Inflammation
78
-scopy
Process of visually examining
79
-ostomy
Surgical
80
-ostomy
Surgically creating an opening
81
-rrhea
Frequent, excessive flow, discharge
82
-gram
Record
83
-penia
Abnormal decrease to few
84
-ule
Small
85
-scope
Treatment to examine
86
-phagia
Eat; swallow
87
-tripsy
Surgical Crushing
88
-cardio
Heart
89
-logist
One who studies
90
Plans: Sagittal
Vertical plane runs from front to back, divides body part into left & right portions.
91
Plans: Transverse
Crosswise plane that runs parallel with the ground
92
Plans: Frontal
Coronal plane divides body front to back portions
93
Plans: Distal
Located farther away from point of attachment (hand distal to elbow)
94
Plans: Proximal
Located nearer to point of attachment
95
Plans: Anterior
More towards front or belly side
96
Plans: Posterior
More towards back or spinal cord side
97
Plans: Lateral
Refers to side
98
Plans: Medial
Refers to middle or near the middle of body
99
Plans: Supine
Body lying horizontally and facing upward
100
Plans: Prone
Body lying horizontally and facing downward
101
Describe: Epidermis
Thin outer layer of membrane
102
Describe: Dermis
Middle, fibrous connective tissue
103
Describe: Subcutaneous Layer
Innermost layer containing fatty tissue
104
What is: Arrector Pili
Attached to each hair follicle, this muscle tissue connects to the dermis.
105
What is: Melanin
Black pigment that controls color of skin
106
What is: Keratin
Hard protein substance produced by body
107
Two glands in the integumentary system
Sweat and sebaceous glands
108
Bones that are in the pectoral girdle
2 clavicle & 2 scapula
109
Pelvic girdle bone
Hipbone 2(coxal)
110
Phalanges
Finger bones
111
Three types of muscle
Smooth, cardiac & skeletal
112
of bones in cervical portion of the spine
Seven
113
of bones in thoracic portion
Twelve
114
of bones in the lumbar portion
Five
115
Hip & shoulder bone are both what type of joint
Synovial joint
116
Blood type is an universal donor
Type O
117
Blood type is a universal recipient
Type AB
118
What do the superior & interior vena cava do
Drains blood from upper & lower body
Superior: chest, upper body
Inferior: abdomen, lower body
119
What is the aorta
Largest artery in the body carries blood to all parts of the body
120
Tiniest blood vessels called that connect venues & arterioles are
Capillaries
121
The function of veins are
To carry blood back to heart
122
The function of arteries are
To carry blood away from heart
123
Define pulse
Surge of blood caused by the heart contraction
124
What are two types of blood pressures and which is higher
Systolic & diastolic pressure
| Systolic is higher
125
The difference between a thrombosis and embolism is
Thrombo is a clot & Embolo is a plug.
126
Function of the myocardium
Pumps blood through blood vessels.
127
What is plasma
Liquid portion of blood 90% water
128
What are platelets
Smallest of all formed blood elements/thrombocytes
129
What is hemoglobin
Iron containing pigment. Parton red blood cell that picks up oxygen from lungs & deliver to tissue of body.
130
What are leukocytes
White blood cells provide protection
131
What are the pulse points & there locations:
```
Femoral, femur (groin area)
Brachial, arm (bicep area) between shoulder & elbow
Dorsalis Pedis, top of foot
Radial, wrist area
Popliteal, knee (behind)
Carotid, neck
```
132
Define: Pathogens
Bacteria, viruses & other foreign materials.
133
What is a vaccine
Protein against disease special type of active acquired immunity
134
Lymph nodes located (all)
Cervical, neck
Axillary, armpit
Inguinal, groin
Mediastinal, chest
135
What is rheumatoid arthritis (RA)
Inflammation of the joints
136
What hormone does the thymus gland secrete and what does it do
Thymosin is a hormone secreted and it causes lymphocytes to turn into T-cells
137
What is the trachea
Windpipe, air from larynx to chest
138
Three functions of the noise:
Mucus traps particles cilia traps larger particles sinuses act as r chamber
139
Apnea means
Not breathing
140
Dyspnea means
Difficulty breathing
141
Eupnea means
Normal breathing
142
What is pharynx
Throat
143
What is epiglottis
Covers larynx to keeps food out of lungs
144
Alveoli
Small groups of air sacs
145
Describe difference in the lungs
Right lung, bigger with 3 lobes
| Left lung, smaller with 2 lobes
146
Define: Stomach
Receives partially digested food from esophagus and obtains 2 sphincters
147
Define: Esophagus
Food tube
148
Define: Anus
Releases feces
149
Define: Rectum
Stores feces
150
Define: Small Intestine
Contains duodenum, ileum, jejunum and is where digestion is completed
151
Define: large intestine
Also known as colon, absorbs water and minerals and forms feces
152
Define: Gall Badder
Stores bile
153
Define: Liver
Makes bile which breaks down fat
154
Define: Appendix
At the beginning f the colon, virtually useless in humans but can become infected.
155
Functions of kidney
To get ride of toxic waste in the body
156
Three processes that take place in the kidney
Filtration, resorption, and secretion.
157
What is a nephron
Make up of your kidneys
158
Where is the cortex of the kidney is located
Outside like a shell
159
The inner area of the kidney
Medulla
160
Function of the bladder
Store urine
161
Function of the ovaries
Production of the sex cells, ova, hormones (estrogen & progesterone)
162
Function of testes
Produce sperm & testosterone
163
Fallopian tide does
Transport egg from ovary to uterus
164
Prostate gland does
Produces fluid that nourishes sperm
165
Hormones regulate: testosterone
Growth and development of male reproductive organs
166
Hormones regulate: Estrogen
Control menstrual cycle, responsible producing secondary sexual characteristics
167
Hormones regulate: Progesterone
Works with estrogen to control menstrual cycle
168
Hormones regulate: Oxytocin
Stimulates uterine contractions during labor & delivery
169
Location: Thymus
In upper mediastinum
170
Location: Pineal
Behind optic nerve in brain
171
Location: Pituitary
In the brain; part of thalamus
172
Location: Adrenal
Above each of the kidneys
173
Location: Thyroid
On either side of the trachea
174
Location: Parathyroid
Ack surface of the thyroid gland
175
Describe the pituitary gland
Function that aids growth
176
Describe adrenal gland
Cortex secrets steroids, medulla secrets epinephrine & norepinephrine (fight or flight)
177
Endocrine function of the pancreas
Produce insulin & glucagon
178
Difference between glucagon and insulin
Glucagon stimulates liver to release glucose into blood & insulin regulates levels of, sugar in the blood stream
179
Define Neuron
Individual nerve cells that conduct electrical impulses in response to a stimulus.
180
Dendrite
Highly branched projections that receives impulses
181
Synapse
Axon of the neuron meets dendrite of next neuron
182
From inner to outer, what are the layers of meninges
Dura mater, subdural space, arachnoid layer, subarachnoid, and pia mater
183
Cerebrum is responsible for
Speech, vision, smell, movement, hearing, and thought
184
Cerebellum is responsible for
Balance and coordination
185
Three parts of the brainstem
Pons, medulla, olbongala, and midbrain
186
Encephal/o
Brain
187
What is the Cornea
Transparent & allows light to enter interior of eye
188
What is the sclera
Tough protective layer of the eyeball (white of eye)
189
What is the retina
Contains visual receptors called robs and cones; they receive light input & transmits them to brain via the optic nerve.
190
What are the robs and cones
Sensory receptors that respond to light rays
191
Pupil
Opening in center of the iris
192
Ossicles
Three small bones in the middle ear (incus, malleus, stapes) conduct sound waves to inner ear.
193
Optic nerve
Second cranial nerve that carries impulses from retina to brain
194
Eustacian tube
Connects middle ear with hasopharynx & allows balance of pressure between outer & middle ear
195
Typanic membrane
Eardrum,conducts sound waves
196
Semicircular canals responsible for
Equilibrium or balance
197
Study of the ear
Otology
198
What is the iris
Colored portion of the eye, contains smooth muscle
199
Auricle
Aka pinna, external ear, capture sound waves as they go past outer ear
