A&P lab exam 1

Question 1

what does random movement and collisions do?

Answer 1

causes molecules to become evenly distributed

Question 2

isotonic

Answer 2

no net osmosis
some concentration in and out

Question 3

hypertonic

Answer 3

higher concentration solutes
cell losses water
shrivels up

Question 4

hypotonic

Answer 4

lower concentration solutes
cell gains water
lyse

Question 5

why do red blood cells lack mitochondria and organelles

Answer 5

so they don’t use oxygen

Question 6

phagocytosis

Answer 6

cell eating
has receptors

Question 7

pinocytosis

Answer 7

cell drinking
cells of intestines
nonspecific

Question 8

receptor-mediated

Answer 8

highly specific
insulin binds to receptors (enzymes, cholesterol, hormones)

Question 9

lower molecular weight diffuses faster or slower?

Answer 9

faster

Question 10

classification of epithelia

Answer 10

squamous, cuboidal, columnar

Question 11

simple squamous

Answer 11

quick diffusion (lungs)

Question 12

simple cuboidal

Answer 12

secretion & absorption (urinary system –> kidneys)

Question 13

simple columnar

Answer 13

absorption (digestive system)

Question 14

stratified squamous

Answer 14

protection (integumentary -> skin)

Question 15

stratified cuboidal

Answer 15

protection (glands)

Question 16

stratified columnar

Answer 16

protection & secretion (reproductive system)

Question 17

seudo-stratified columnar

Answer 17

filters air with cilia (trachea)

Question 18

transitional epithelial

Answer 18

no specific shape
stretches bladder

Question 19

layers of integumentary system

Answer 19

epidermis
dermis
sebaceous layer (hypodermis)

Question 20

stratum corner

Answer 20

outermost layer
dead skin

Question 21

stratum lucidum

Answer 21

thick skin only

Question 22

stratum granulosum

Answer 22

abundant granules in cells

Question 23

stratum spinous

Answer 23

largest layer
where keratin is made
gets nutrients from dermis that are diffused

Question 24

stratum basale

Answer 24

basement
mitosis for entire epidermis
has melanocytes

Question 25

in dermis layer

Answer 25

hair follicles
sebaceous glands
sweat glands

Question 26

long bones

Answer 26

humerus

Question 27

flat bones

Answer 27

sternum
very flat

Question 28

short bones

Answer 28

heel, ankle bones

Question 29

irregular bones

Answer 29

only vertebrate

Question 30

tuberosity

Answer 30

large, rounded projection

Question 31

crest

Answer 31

narrow ridge of bone

Question 32

truchanter

Answer 32

large, blunt, irregularly shaped

Question 33

line

Answer 33

narrow ridge of bone (less prominent than crest)

Question 34

tubercle

Answer 34

small, rounded projection

Question 35

epicondyle

Answer 35

raised area above condyle

Question 36

spine

Answer 36

sharp pointed projection

Question 37

process

Answer 37

bony prominence

Question 38

facet

Answer 38

smooth surface where bones attach

Question 39

condyle

Answer 39

rounded articular projection

Question 40

foramen

Answer 40

hole in bone

Question 41

meatus

Answer 41

canal like passageway

Question 42

sinus

Answer 42

cavity in bone (can’t see through, divot)

Question 43

fosa

Answer 43

basin like depression (bowl)

Question 44

clavicle

Answer 44

collar bone

Question 45

scalpula

Answer 45

shoulder blade

Question 46

radius & ulna

Answer 46

make forearm
radius identified by rounded projection on bottom

Question 47

ileum

Answer 47

half of pelvis

Question 48

femur

Answer 48

only bone with a trucanter

Question 49

tibia

Answer 49

identifiable by spongy ridge (larger)

Question 50

fibula and tibia

Answer 50

long bones in lower leg