A&P Lab Exercise 1&2

Question 0

Posterior

Answer 0

Back side

Question 1

Anterior

Answer 1

Front side

Question 2

Ventral

Answer 2

Synonymous with anterior, front side

Question 3

Dorsal

Answer 3

Synonymous with posterior, back side

Question 4

Deep

Answer 4

Within, underneath skin

Question 5

Superficial

Answer 5

Skin level, above

Question 6

Lateral

Answer 6

Moving away from the midline

Question 7

Medial

Answer 7

Moving closer to midline

Question 8

Superior

Answer 8

Higher on body

Question 9

Inferior

Answer 9

Lower on body

Question 10

Proximal

Answer 10

Refers to appendages, up towards midline

Question 11

Distal

Answer 11

Refers to appendages, down away from midline

Question 12

Sagittal

Answer 12

Plane cutting body into left and right sections

Question 13

Transverse

Answer 13

Plane cutting body into superior and inferior portions

Question 14

Coronal

Answer 14

(Frontal) plane cutting body into anterior and posterior sections

Question 15

2 main body cavities

Answer 15

Dorsal and Ventral

Question 16

Components of dorsal cavity

Answer 16

Cranial cavity

Spinal (vertebral) cavity

Question 17

Components of ventral cavity (2)

Answer 17

Thoracic cavity

Abdominopelvic cavity

Question 18

What muscle divides the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities?

Answer 18

Diaphragm

Question 19

Components of thoracic cavity

Answer 19

Pleural cavities
Pericardial cavity
Mediastinum

Question 20

What is the pleural cavity made of?

Answer 20

Lungs

Question 21

What is the pericardial cavity made of?

Answer 21

Heart

Question 22

What is the mediastinum made of?

Answer 22

Midline: heart, lungs, thymus, esophagus

Question 23

What is another word for the Abdominal cavity?

Answer 23

Peritoneal

Question 24

Which membrane lies against the wall of the cavity?

Answer 24

Parietal

Question 25

Which membrane covers the organ?

Answer 25

Visceral

Question 26

What is pleuracy?

Answer 26

When membranes rub against one another use to lack of serous fluid

Question 27

What is in between the parietal and visceral membranes?

Answer 27

Serous fluid which allows space and fluid in between the membranes so they don't stick and can slide

Question 28

Which membrane has more nerves?

Answer 28

Parietal

Question 29

Why does it hurt when you have appendicitis?

Answer 29

The appendix swells and pushes against the parietal membrane. The sticking if the membranes combines with lots of nerves in parietal causes pain.

Question 30

What is a serous membrane

Answer 30

Clearish, sticky membrane that surrounds and lines organs

Question 31

What are the functions of the lungs?

Answer 31

To breathe in oxygen and exhale carbon dioxide

Question 32

What is the function of the heart?

Answer 32

To pump blood throughout the body

Question 33

What is the function of the diaphragm?

Answer 33

It is the main muscle used to breathe

Question 34

What is the function of the liver?

Answer 34

``` Filled with enzymes Conversion Containing site Metabolizes Makes bike ```

Question 35

What is the function of the spleen?

Answer 35

Blood filter- major player in the immune system | Located below left diaphragm

Question 36

What is the function if the fall bladder?

Answer 36

Stores the bile the liver made. (Located behind the liver)

Question 37

What is the function of the stomach?

Answer 37

Contains digestion foods, churns food

Question 38

What is the function of the small intestine?

Answer 38

Most absorption occurs here

Question 39

What is the function of the large intestine?

Answer 39

Water absorption occurs here, excretes waste and compacts waste

Question 40

What is the function of the pancreas?

Answer 40

Makes enzymes for digestion, eyelets of langerhaun make glucagon and insulin. Located tucked behind large intestine.

Question 41

What is the function of the rectum?

Answer 41

End of large intestine, excretes waste

Question 42

What is the function of the kidney?

Answer 42

Filters and gets rid of urine | Maintains blood volume and pressure

Question 43

What are the functions of the ureters?

Answer 43

Tubes off of kidneys that drain the bladder

Question 44

What is the function of the appendix?

Answer 44

Full of lymphatic tissue, maybe plays a role in the immune system? Located hanging off the large intestine

Question 45

What are the functions of the adrenal glands?

Answer 45

Located above kidneys, part of nervous and endocrine systems.

Question 46

What is the inner part of the adrenal glands called and what's it's function?

Answer 46

Adrenal medulla-makes epinephrine (adrenaline)

Question 47

What is the outer part of the adrenal glands called and what's it's function?

Answer 47

Cortex-makes other hormones like: Cortisol-stress Sex steroids-estrogen/testosterone Alosterone-blood pressure

Question 48

What is the function of the aorta?

Answer 48

Main blood vessel in the body, largest artery

Question 49

What is the function of the inferior vena cava?

Answer 49

Largest vein in the body

Question 50

What is the ocular lens?

Answer 50

What you look through, 10X

Question 51

What is the tube?

Answer 51

Supports the ocular lens

Question 52

What is the nosepiece?

Answer 52

Holds the objective lens and revolves

Question 53

What are the objective lenses?

Answer 53

Scanning-4X Low power objective-10X High power objective-40X Oil immersion objective-100X

Question 54

What is the slide holder assembly?

Answer 54

Calipers hold the slide

Question 55

What is the stage?

Answer 55

The platform that holds the slide

Question 56

What are the coarse/fine adjustment knobs?

Answer 56

Coarse-used for simple focus | Fine-used for sharp focus

Question 57

What is the arm?

Answer 57

Connects the tube to the base, where you carry the microscope

Question 58

What is the base?

Answer 58

Bottom flat surface for support of microscope

Question 59

What is the illuminator?

Answer 59

The light source built into the base

Question 60

What is the condenser?

Answer 60

Lenses that concentrate light to the level of the stage

Question 61

What is the iris diaphragm?

Answer 61

Opens and closes to regulate the amount of light passing through the stage opening to the slide