A1 - Cities And Planning

Question 1

How many live in cities in 2022?
(antal och %)

Answer 1

4,5 billion // 57%

Question 2

How many will live in cities 2050? (antal och %)

Answer 2

6.4 billion // 66%

Question 3

How many swedes live in urban areas 2020? (antal & %)

Answer 3

9 million // 88%

Question 4

Define urban area

Answer 4

> = 200 inhabitants & =< 200m between houses

Question 5

Which was the first city to reach 1million inhabitants?

Answer 5

Rome, 133 BC

Question 6

What developments made big cities possible?

Answer 6

Advances in transportation & infrastructure (water, sewage)

Question 7

Hur mycket av det globala BNP/GDP står städer för?

Answer 7

> 80%

Question 8

Hur mycket av den ekonomiska tillväxten står städer för?

Answer 8

> 75%

Question 9

Förklara densification och sprawl

Answer 9

Densification - Hong Kong
Sprawl - Atlanta

Question 10

Ge ett samband mellan densification och energi konsumerad i samband med transporter

Answer 10

Ju mer tätbebyggd stad, desto mindre energi drar den i transporter

Question 11

Explain “15-minute city” and give an example

Answer 11

Paris
Affärer, parker, jobb etc är 15 minuter från boendet

Question 12

What are the three steps of planning?

Answer 12

1. Identify - WHAT do we want to achieve?
2. Formulate - HOW do we accomplish it?
3. Implement - START implementing the strategies

Question 13

What factors affect urban planning (6)?

Answer 13

(Trends)
1. Politics
2. Demography (age/gender/occupation)
3. Environment
4. Economy

(Individual)
5. Preferences
6. Socio-economic

Question 14

Explain the building decree/byggnadsstadgan

Answer 14

1874
Reducing risk of fire
Not a law
Municipalities were required to draw &implement urban plans

Question 15

What happened 1909?

Answer 15

Town planning act/PBL
Municipalities got monopoly on planning
Legal relationship between land owners and town
Kungen kunde bestämma utan motsättningar

Question 16

What happened in 1931?

Answer 16

Reform of town planning act
Städer mer självbestämmande i planläggning men kunde INTE bestämma var byggandet skulle ske

Question 17

1947?

Answer 17

Building act
Municipalities decide WHERE WHEN HOW the city were to develop

Question 18

1960?

Answer 18

Building charter
Planning committees in every municipality
Uniformed national building code

Question 19

1987?

Answer 19

PBL
Same as 1947 but no need for state approval
The state only monitors certain interests

Question 20

What’s the purpose of PBL?

Answer 20

• promote societal progress
• keep a clean & sustainable habitat
• today and future
• promote good economic growth
• promote aesthetically pleasing design
• promote a livable environment for all social groups

Question 21

Explain PBL

Answer 21

1. Klubbas av riksdagen
2. Regulates water and land areas

Question 22

För vilka län är regionalplanen INTE volontary/valbar (dvs obligatorisk)?

Answer 22

Halland
Skåne
Stockholm

Question 23

What components is the swedish planning system composed of

Answer 23

• regionalplan
• översiktsplan (comprehensive plan)
• områdesbestämmelser (area regulations)
• detaljplan (detailed development plan)

Question 24

Vad händer om svenska regleringar motsäger EU:s?

Answer 24

De svenska regleringarna gäller inte till förmån för EU:s. Således blir EU:s regleringar direkt en del av svensk lagstiftning

Question 25

Ge exempel på kommunala nämnder

Answer 25

Omsorg och stöd Utbildning Kultur Fritid Miljö Stadsutveckling —> stadsbyggnad, exploatering, stadsmiljö, stadsfastighet Miljö Etc

Question 26

Ge exempel på kommunala bolag i Göteborg

Answer 26

Göteborg Energi Göteborgs Hamn Göteborgs Spårvägar Business Region Göteborg AB Gryaab AB Bostads AB Poseidon Boplats Göteborg AB

Question 27

Explain the sillo effect

Answer 27

Different departments in a municipality has different budgets Different goals can create conflicts between the departments

Question 28

Nämn en nackdel med kommunalt monopol på byggande

Answer 28

Städerna som byggs ska hålla i decennier framöver men besluten fattas under korta mandatperioder

Question 29

Explain ”participatory planning”? +?

Answer 29

The community affected by the planning gets to be part of the olanning process Eg: besök på förskolor +delaktighet +skapar engagemang +demokrati

Question 30

What are the 3 types of public participation in the planning process?

Answer 30

1. Information - mailing 2. Consulation - surveys 3. Collaboration - ballots, planning cells