A2: Key Terms

Question 1

Cognitive development

Answer 1

a child’ ability to learn and solve problems

Question 2

Abstract logic

Answer 2

ability to solve problems using imagination without having to be involved practically

Question 3

Egocentric thinking

Answer 3

can only understand the world from their own perspective and assume others think, see and hear exactly the same as them

Question 4

Object permanence

Answer 4

the understanding that objects continue to exist even when they cannot be seen

Question 5

Centration

Answer 5

only focus on one aspect of an object at a time

Question 6

Conservation

Answer 6

knowing that quantity doesn’t change if it’s been altered (eg stretched, cut, spread etc)

Question 7

Schema

Answer 7

a category of knowledge as well as a process of acquiring new skills

Question 8

Equilibrium

Answer 8

a state of cognitive balance when a child’s experience is in line with what they understand

Question 9

Disequilibrium

Answer 9

a state of cognitive imbalance between experience and what is understood

Question 10

Acommodation

Answer 10

modifying schemas in relation o new information and experiences

Question 11

Parallel play

Answer 11

when a child plays alongside or near others but does not play with them

Question 12

Egocentrism

Answer 12

inability to see a situation from another persons point of view

Question 13

Linguistic

Answer 13

study of language

Question 14

Syntactic

Answer 14

arrangement of words

Question 15

Crystallised intelligence

Answer 15

long-term memory

Question 16

Fluid intelligence

Answer 16

short-term memory

Question 17

Assimilation

Answer 17

the child constructs an understanding or concept (schema)