AA's-ATI Pharm

Question 1

What does AA stand for?

Answer 1

Aldosterone Antagonists

Question 2

Meds

Answer 2

Select prototype=eplerenone

-spironolactone

Question 3

Expected pharmacological action

Answer 3

AA’s reduce blood volume by blocking aldosterone receptors in the kidney, promoting excretion of sodium and water and retention of potassium

Question 4

Therapeutic uses

Answer 4

1-hypertension

2-heart failure

Question 5

Complications

Answer 5

1-hyperkalemia/hyponatremia
2-flu-like manifestations
3-gynecomastia
4-dizziness/fatigue

Question 6

Hyperkalemia/Hyponatremia

Answer 6

1-monitor serum potassium/sodium levels periodically
2-advise pts not to use potassium supplements or salt subs
3-advise pt to monitor/report manifestations of hyperkalemia, such as paresthesia and tingling of hands and feet

Question 7

Flu-like manifestations

Answer 7

Fatigue,headache,diarrhea,cough,abdominal pain

-report severe manifestations to provider

Question 8

Gynecomastia

Answer 8

Enlargement and tenderness of male breast tissue

-report severe manifestations to provider

Question 9

Contraindications/Precautions

Answer 9

Contraindicated in pts who:
1-have high potassium levels
2-kidney impairment 
3-hepatic disease
4-type 2 diabetes w/ microalbuminuria 
Use cautiously in pts who have liver impairment

Question 10

Interactions

Answer 10

1-Verapamil,ACE inhibitors,ARB’s,erythromycin,potassium-sparing diuretics,NSAIDs,& ketaconazole=can increase risk of hyperkalemia;monitor serious potassium more frequently if pt must take these meds concurrently;teach pts the manifestations of hyperkalemia
2-Lithium=monitor pts on lithium more frequently for lithium toxicity
3-Grapefruit/grapefruit juice=inhibits metabolism of of eplerenone;advise pt to avoid grapefruit
4-diuretics=increase risk for orthostatic hypotension;monitor BP,rise slowly from sitting

Question 11

Nursing Administration

Answer 11

1-orally w/ or w/o food

2-don’t administer w/ potassium supplements