Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

My ABFM Important > AAFP Ortho > Flashcards

AAFP Ortho Flashcards

(50 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

Low back pain for which imaging needed?

A

History Findings Exam Findings
* Cancer metastatic to bone (breast, lung,
thyroid, renal, prostate)
* Urinary or fecal incontinence
* Urinary retention
* Progressive lower extremity motor
or sensory loss
* Significant trauma related to age
* Severe pain and lumbar spine
surgery in the prior 12 months

Exam Finding:
* Major motor weakness or
sensory loss
* Saddle anesthesia
* Loss of anal sphincter tone
These are all STRONG findings and the presence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Acute LBP treatment

A
  • Beneficial Therapies
    NSAIDs (A)
    Advice to remain active (A)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Chronic LBP treatment

A

Beneficial
2nd NSAID, tramadol, duloxetine

1st: Mindfulness-based stress reduction
- Acupuncture
- Exercise therapy (walking prgm = PT)
- Yoga
- Massage
- Superficial heat
- Physical therapy
Intensive multidisciplinary

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Role of Duloxetine in LBP

A

Similar to Cox-2 inhibitor, tramadol, opioids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Role of opioids in LBP

A

there is uncertainty about the efficacy of opiates in chronic or acute LBP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Short term treatment for LBP

A

Topiramate effective

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Lumbar Disc Herniation

A

80% resolves within 90 days
90% resolves by 12 weeks
Steroids and NSAID weak evidence
Conservative management up to 6 weeks.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Lumbar Spinal Stenosis findings?

A

Pain improve with lumbar flexion
Worsen with walking
Relief with sitting

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Overuse Injuries?

A

Tendinosis
Tendinopathy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Lower extremity tendinopathy treatment

A

Patellar tendinosis (Jumper’s Knee)
Achilles Tendinosis

Both eccentric strengthening

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Upper extremity tendinopathy treatment

A

Lateral epicondylosis

Eccentric strengthening

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Chronic tendopathies

A

Topical nitroglycerin (1/4 of a 5 mg patch)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Tests for shoulder impingement

A
  1. Neer’s
  2. Hawkin’s
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Shoulder Impingement treatment?

A

[SA CSI + exercise + manual therapy] vs. [exercise + manual
therapy] resulted in similar outcomes at 3 months but with less
pain in the CSI group

SA: Subacromial
CSI: Corticosteroid injection
PT: Physical therapy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Limited ROM with pain at end ranges of motion. Dx?

A

Adhesive Capsulitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Adhesive Capsulitis associated with?

A
  1. Diabetes
  2. Parkinson’s
  3. Thyroid dysfunction
  4. Cardiac disease
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Adhesive Capsulitis treatment?

A

3-4 week of oral prednisone 20 mg or CSU provided short-term relief

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Anterior knee pain after recently started running. Dx?

A

Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome treatment

A

PT and modification of activity are best
Bracing in runners

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Carpal tunnel syndrome associated with?

A
  1. Thyroid disease
  2. Diabetes
  3. Pregnancy
  4. Alcoholism
  5. RA
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Most sensitive PE test in carpal tunnel?

22
Q

Carpal tunnel syndrome treatment

23
Q

Heel pain worse with first steps?

Study These Flashcards
A

Plantar Fasciitis

24
Q

Plantar Fasciitis management

Study These Flashcards
A
  1. Initiate patient-directed therapies
    Relative rest, ice massage, analgesics, stretching, weight loss
  2. Initiate physician-directed therapies
    Physical therapy, stretching, deep myofascial massage

Night splint use for up to 3 weeks (B)

OTC orthotics (B)
Corticosteroid injection (B) – for short term pain relief
Autologous blood injection (B)
Extracorporeal shock wave therapy can be used in recalcitrant plantar fasciitis (B)

25
Morton's neuroma?
3rd and 4th web space most common - Mulder's sign Treatment: Shoes with wide toe box and low heels, orthotics, injection
26
Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome?
Entrapment of posterior tibial nerve posterior to medial malleolus - Provoked by subtalar pronation
27
Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome VS Plantar Fasciitis?
On TTS nontender medial calcaneal tubercle
28
Trigger finger
1. 40-60 yo 2. Seen in DM, RA and repetitive hand activities 3. Stuck finger. Tender lump in palm of hand. 4. Splinting the finger in a neutral position 5. Dexamethasone preferred over triamcinolone with lower recurrence at 3 months
29
Chronic exertional compartment syndrome
Chronic anterior leg pain Risk: Anabolic steroids, creatine use, eccentric exercise, military recruits. Tx: Resolve with 2--30 min rest Definitive: Fasciotomy
30
Orthopedic Milestones
* 6 months - Sits with support. * 9 months - pulls to standing. * 12 months - walks independently or with hand support. * 2 years - climbs steps * 3 years - stands on 1 foot for a few seconds.
31
What causes unable to move the shoulder but able to move fingers?
Erb's Palsy
32
Polydactyly treatment age?
Surgery at 1-2 year
33
Developmental Dysplasia of the hip
- Left hip most common - Clunk is positive not the click - Tx: Pavlik harness: birth to 6 month Spica casting: 6 month to 2 years
34
Pavlik harness position of hip?
Hips in flexion and abduction.
35
Club foot treatment?
1. Serial casting 2. Surgical correction: 9-12 months if needed
36
Most common childhood bone cancer?
1st Osteosarcoma: At physis of long bone (Knee and shoulder). <19 year old. 2nd Ewing's sarcoma: At long bone. In teenage years
37
Most common benign bone tumor in children?
1st Nonossifying fibroma 2nd Osteochondroma
38
Nonossifying fibroma treatment?
Common in distal femur or distal tibia Resolves with skeletal maturity.
39
Osteochondroma treatment?
- Solitary or multiple - Grows as child grows - Monitor and treat symptomatically.
40
Intoeing in children?
1. Metatarsus adductus: MC congenital foot deformity. Resolve by 1 year 2. Internal tibial torsion: MC intoeing. Patella facing forward and feet intoeing. Resolve by age 8. PT, orthotics, splints are not effective. 3. Femoral anterversion: Both knee and feet point inward. Improve by 9-10 years. Surgery at age 9-10 if more severe.
41
Risk from SCFE?
AVN is 30%
42
Little league elbow tx?
Rest for 3-6 weeks Proper throwing mechanics
42
Transient synovitis vs Septic Hip?
Patient presents with fever, hip pain, and limp. Temp, x-ray, CBC, labs recommended 1. T> 38.1 2. CRP >2.0 3. ESR >40 4. WBC >12 5. Non-weight bearing
43
Types of Apophysitis?
44
What is Osgood schlatter's?
Tibial tuberosity Bilateral anterior knee pain
45
What is sever's disease?
Calcaneus Achilles Posterior heel pain
46
Cramping pain that often awakens from sleep in children?
Growing pain. Benign Noctural Limbs Pains No LIMP Reassurance, heat, massage, warm baths, exercise to non-aggravating levels, mild analgesics.
47
Scoliosis with Cobb angles?
1. Cobb angles 30-40: Brace 2. Cobb angles >40: Surgery
48
MC congenital hand deformitiy?
Syndactyly
49
Most common congenital foot deformity.
Metatarsus adductus

My ABFM Important (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions