Aaron: Uworld IM deck 1 Flashcards
(109 cards)
1
Q
The most definite test to distinguish a lung obstruction vs. scar tissue is what?
A
Bronchoscopy
2
Q
Do adjunctive glucocorticoids help with treatment of Tuberculosis?
A
Yes, they do
3
Q
Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis will have what positive test?
A
Positive TPO
4
Q
What are one of the big benefits of quitting smoking?
A
Decreased mortality after 5 years
5
Q
If a young teen has dark spots on her lips, low Na, elevated K, what is something to think about?
A
Poor cortisol/Addison’s Disease
6
Q
Methotrexate rescue drug is what?
A
Folinic Acid
7
Q
Can TPA be started BEFORE 3-4.5 hours via the window/
A
Yes!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
8
Q
Post op Knee surgery has a DVT. How long after his DVT should the patient take medication before stopping it?
A
6 months
9
Q
What four drugs are recommended as PreP therapy for high risk individuals?
A
Tenofovir, Emtricitabine, and Raltegravir for 4 weeks
10
Q
If you get rabies, what is the end result?
A
Pallative Care
11
Q
If any elderly person has difficulty sleeping, Vitamin B12 and TSH are wnl, what are a few things to think about?
A
Depression and OSA (sleep apnea), stop bang score
12
Q
If you have AKPKD, can U/S be used as a screening tool for children?
What is the best AKPKD management plan?
A
Yes
ACE inhibitor medication
13
Q
When Vitamin B12 is being repleted, what electrolyte has to be watched?
A
K, can be sucked up quickly making RBCs
14
Q
HIV medication start, viral load 35k, what should it be in 6 months?
A
50 or less
15
Q
Nodular lymphadenitis after scraping cheek against a cave wall, what would it be?
A
Sporotrichosis
16
Q
Skin Papules with central umbilication that have central area of hemorrhage or necrosis, HIV + rash over arms and limbs, what could this be?
A
Cryptococcus infection, if immunocompromised, need an LP for further management
17
Q
In order to have a new C.Diff diagnosis, what are one of the qualifications?
A
3 bowel movements in 24 hours
18
Q
If a patient has acute pharyngitis, what is the next best step?
A
Order a rapid strept antigen test
19
Q
A patient gets C. Diff on Ciprofloxacin, what should be done?
A
Switch to TMP-SMX
20
Q
Does C. Diff make persistent spores, that can survive a long period of time?
A
Yes
21
Q
If a patient is Hep C positive, what should be done, next?
A
Look at Viral load
22
Q
Pyoderma Gangrenosum is associated with what?
Ecthyma Gangrenosum is associated with what?
A
IBS disease
P. Aeruginosa bacteremia, usually better with IV abx
23
Q
Are there any pregnancy concerns with starting steroids?
A
No
24
Q
Bronchiectasis can cause hemoptysis how?
A
superficial blood vessel rupture
25
Mycotic aneurysm can occur from what? What is it?
Bacterial infection against vessel wall, IV drug abuse
26
Scant watery discharge that tested negative at previous appointment from patient's penile fluid, but was just treated for Gonorrhea and Chlamydia, what is the next step?
Repeat Gram Stain and urethral swab
27
Fosphenytoin help stop what?
Seizures greater than 5-10 minutes
28
If a patient has white growth in his mouth and it is scrapped off with a tongue depressor, what is this most likely?
Oral Thrush, Candidias
29
Skin infections with well-defined borders is what?
Skin infections with ill-defined borders is what?
Erysipelas
Cellulitus
30
An arterial oxygen tension less than 70 mmHg and an alveolar-arterial gradient greater than 35 mmHg means what medication is needed?
Corticosteroids
31
PCP infection, negative Blood cx after 48 hours, what is the next best step for the patient?
BAL (bronchoalveolar lavage)
32
Vancomycin red man syndrome is caused by what? (Cellular mechanism)
Mast Cell Activation
33
Nucleic Acid Amplification testing is the gold standard for confirming what disease?
TB
34
A tick attached to human skin less than how long will not be concerning?
36 hours
35
Does salmonella need to be treated in individuals greater than 12 months old that are immunocompetent?
No
36
Raynauds syndrome medication should be used?
Nifedifine not Verapamil
37
If the patient has a T score close to -2.5, but the number is -1.7, what is next best step?
FRAX score should calculate 10 year risk
38
Renal involvement with drug induced lupus should have what levels monitored?
Complement and anti-double stranded DNA antibody levels
39
If there is a cryoglobulinemia diagnosis, what is the next best step to do?
evaluate if Hep C exists and treat
40
If a patient is on EPO, what is a potential side effect?
LVH
41
Hematuria in a young male, sick three days ago, and normal complement levels, what am I?
IgA Nephropathy
42
Hematuria in a young male with sickness a few weeks ago, decreased complement levels, what is this?
PSGN
43
Once Renal Cell Carcinoma is identified on CT scan, what should be done?
Surgery
44
Lithium level over 4 means what should be done?
Dialysis
45
What is a good BP combo with lithium?
Amlodipine
NSAIDs, Lithium, ACE inhibitors, and ARBS can hurt Lithium level
46
New onset psychosis can be seen in the setting of what?
SLE
47
What is a psych med that can hurt a pregnant mom's baby?
Valproic Acid
48
A 22 year old female would like to donate a kidney to her brother. What are the long term concerns?
Increase in Gestational Problems after Kidney removal
49
What type of cell will be seen in AIN?
Tubulointerstitial mononuclear cell infiltration
50
Hepatorenal syndrome can be treated with what two drugs?
Midodrine and Octreotide
51
What do ACEs inhibitors do in the kidney?
Reduced Glomerular Hydrostatic Pressure
52
Primary CNS lymphoma and HIV patient. Non compliant with medication. What is an encouraging sign with treatment?
Increase in CD4 count
53
Fluorescein stain with subsequent clearing in a waterfall pattern indicates what?
full-thickness corneal laceration or seidel sign, get urgent Seidel sign
54
A cherry red spot on eye evaluation is code for what problem?
Central Retinal Artery occlusion
55
Keratitis is code for what type of infection?
Cornea infection
56
If I have a cornea infection, branched dendritic ulcerations, decrease corneal sensation, watery discharge, and recurrent episodes, what type of infection is this?
Viral
57
In a male with priapism, the penis pain does not improve with draining blood. What is the next step?
Phenylephrine injection
58
If an individual has swimmer's ear, the debris and granulation tissue are removed, what is the next best step?
Prescribe topical antibiotics
59
If a patient has inoperable laryngeal cancer, what is the next best step?
Chemo and radiation
60
If a patient has a cutaneous wart, what is the best course of treatment?
How long does it take to work?
Salicylate Acid, treatment takes 2-3 weeks
61
Seborrheic Dermatitis is a chronic, relapsing condition. What is the best treatment course of action?
Treat once a week, prophylatically
62
Mohns microsurgery is done on what body parts? What is the cause of it?
Eye, face, hands, feet, or neck
High Risk invasive cancer surgery
63
First line treatment for Keloids is what?
Intralesional Glucocorticoids, no excision
64
Atopic Dermatitis, first line treatment is what?
Hydrate the skin
65
If atopic dermatitis requires treatment, what is the best treatment?
Topical Glucocorticoids
66
What is the treatment of alopecia areata?
Intralesional corticosteroids
67
What is the treatment of choice for actinic keratosis?
Topical Liquid Nitrogen
68
Methanol toxicity and ethylene glycol can be treated with what?
Fomepizole
69
Carbon monoxide in a patient (from a burning building) should have what level evaluated?
Carboxyhemoglobin level
70
What herbal supplement can cause liver toxicity?
Kava Kava
71
What herbal supplement can cause bleeding problems?
Gingko biloba
72
Anti-centromere antibodies are seen in what disease?
Scleroderma
73
Anti-mitochondiral antibodies are seen in what disease?
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis
74
Anti-DNA antibodies are seen primarily in what disease?
SLE
75
Mild SLE flare gets what medications?
Severe SLE flare gets what medications?
Prednisone and hydroxychloroquine
Prednisone and Cyclophosphamide
76
Bisphosphanates can cause what disease, what should be checked first?
25-hydroxyvitamin D level, they can cause hypocalcemia
77
What should be supplemented with methotrexate?
B9
78
What should be given for renal failure gout treatment?
Intra-articular glucocorticoids (triamcinolone)
79
Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis, what is the next best step for treatment?
Oral Prednisone
80
What is the #1 worse cause for Pulmonary Embolism?
Hypotension
81
What is the best treatment for hemodynamically unstable patients (pulmonary embolism)?
Thrombolytics
82
COPD can cause weight loss by what disease anomaly?
Pulmonary Cachexia Syndrome, loss of muscle mass 2/2 energy imbalance and systemic inflammation
83
What Chest Xray features show a benign lung lesion?
Laminated, Central, and Diffuse Homogeneous calcifications, similar to popcorn lesions
84
In organ failure and brain death, what are the best steps to maintaining organ viability?
Maintaining fluid status via Fluids and Desmopressin
85
When initially evaluating and monitoring Ankylosing Spondylitis, what is the best course of action?
Lumbar Xray
86
Does Ankylosing Spondylitis decrease life expectancy?
No
87
When do yearly CT scans start for smokers?
50 to 80 years old
88
What qualifications get you a CT scan?
More than 20+ Pack years of smoking
Currently smoking or quick 15 years ago
89
If there is a PE looming, the patient is hemodynamically unstable, what is the next best test?
Echo, do not do a CTA for PE in an Unstable Patient
90
If a patient has negative or low probability V/Q scan, and a PE is likely, what should be done?
Do a Well's Criteria Score, if high, treat for a PE
91
Autoimmune causes of hip and shoulder pain should show what?
Elevated ESR
92
Best anti-hypertensive medication if patient has gout?
losartan
93
Patellar Tendonitis is seen with what types of athletes?
Jumping athletes, knee pain episodes
94
Patellofemoral Syndrome gets worse with what?
Jumping, Squatting, Prolonged Sitting
Tx: is training upper thigh muscles and avoiding activities
95
Sarcoidosis that receives oral glucocorticoid treatment over time can what?
Resolve and go away
96
Seborrheic Dermatitis has mildly elevated and erythematous plaques, what disease can this be associated with?
HIV
97
Ventilator acquired PNA, what is a test that should be done?
Sputum Cx
98
After a patient has been extubated, they have sudden stridor/difficulty talking, what is there a low threshold for?
Laryngeal Edema
99
Acute bronchitis without crackles/consolidation or a fever should receive what?
Symptomatic care only
100
A patient has a knee with pain out of proportion to exam, extreme sensitivity, and sweating more on the affected knee, what disease could this be?
Complex Regional Pain Syndrome
101
Proximal bilateral muscle weakness with elevated inflammatory enzymes and markers, difficulty climbing the stairs and getting out of a chair, what could this be? No skin rash
Polymyositis
Polymyalgia Rheumatica causes stiffness and pain rather than just weakness
102
Inflammatory arthritis, young male, eye pain, burning on urination, diarrhea at local restaurant, what is the most likely cause?
Elevated WBCs, negative cx, reactive arthritis
103
Dupuytren Contracture is associated with what other disease?
Diabetes Mellitus
104
If a patient has hip osteoarthritis, what will be seen on physical examination?
Hip pain movement in all directions
105
If a person has a grip that cannot be released, no other big symptoms, what should be suspected?
Myotonic Dystrophy
106
If a patient has back pain without concern for neurologic deficit, fever, infection, or malignancy is imaging needed?
No
107
Patient becomes emotional and passes out, negative orthostats, what is the next best step?
Education and Follow up
108
What is the number one risk factor for CAD?
Diabetes Mellitus is #1
109
After stent placement, how long should a patient wait to restart sexual activity?
3-4 weeks if low risk and improving
