ABA -Chapter 1 Flashcards
(16 cards)
What is a Response?
A specific instance of behavior.
Example: Saying “hello” when someone greets you.
What is a Response Class?
A group of responses with the same function but may look different.
Example: Waving, smiling, or saying “hi” – all are greetings.
What is Verbal Behavior (Verbal bx)?
Behavior reinforced through the mediation of others’ responses.
Example: Asking for water, saying ‘I’m hungry’.
What is Response Change?
When a behavior changes over time (form, frequency, duration, etc.).
Example: A child starts whispering instead of shouting.
What is an Operant?
Behavior influenced by consequences that follow it.
Example: Studying hard to get good grades.
What is a Respondent?
Behavior elicited automatically by a stimulus (involuntary).
Example: Salivating when smelling food.
What is Pairing?
Associating a neutral stimulus with a reinforcing one.
Example: Pairing a teacher’s voice with praise or reward.
What is Shaping?
Reinforcing small steps to build a new behavior.
Example: Teaching a child to say ‘water’ by reinforcing sounds like ‘wa’.
What is Extinction?
A behavior decreases because it no longer produces reinforcement.
Example: A child stops whining when it no longer gets attention.
What is Reinforcement (+/-)?
Increases the likelihood of a behavior happening again.
Example: + Giving candy for homework; - Turning off loud music when work starts.
What is Punishment (+/-)?
Decreases the likelihood of a behavior.
Example: + Extra chores for misbehavior; - Taking away phone privileges.
What are Stimuli?
Anything in the environment that can affect behavior.
Example: A loud noise, a bright light, a toy.
What is an Antecedent?
What happens before a behavior.
Example: The teacher gives a direction: ‘Clean up!’.
What are Consequences?
What happens after a behavior.
Example: Getting praise after helping a friend.
What is a Consequence?
The result that follows a behavior.
Example: Child gets a sticker after answering correctly.
What are Antecedents?
Events that trigger a behavior.
Example: Hearing the recess bell triggers students to run outside.
