ABD Pacs exam 1

Question 1

Gall Bladder Anatomy

pg 268

Answer 1

Pear Shaped

Sits in anterior aspect of right upper quadrant, anterior to kidney within the right lobe of the liver

Neck-continuous with the cystic duct

Body-lies in contact with the visceral surface of the liver, mid portion is adjacent to the liver, directed upward, backward, and to the left

Fundus-Rounded end closest to the anterior abd wall at the level of the 9th right costal cartilage and projects below inferior margin of right lobe of the liver

Question 2

Most common Aortic Aneurysm and where it occurs

Answer 2

Fusiform aneurysm of the distal aorta at the aortic bifurcation (ph 173)

Question 3

What vessel separates the the anterior and posterior right lobe of the liver

Answer 3

Right Hepatic Vein

Question 4

What vessel separates the right and left lobe of the liver

Answer 4

Main Hepatic Vein

Question 5

What vessel separates the medial and lateral left lobe of the liver

Answer 5

Left Hepatic Vein

Question 6

Common Iliac Arteries

Answer 6

Arise at the bifurcation of the abd aorta at the 4th lumbar vertebra

Question 7

Inferior Vena Cava in long. view, area of hepatic veins

Answer 7

Head of “bunny” in long. view showing right, middle, and left hepatic veins

Question 8

1st branch of anterior aorta

Answer 8

celiac trunk

Question 9

celiac trunk spits into

Answer 9

left gastric artery

splenic artery (to the left)

Common hepatic artery (to the right)

Question 10

Common hepatic artery branches into

Answer 10

proper hepatic artery

gastroduodenal artery

Question 11

proper hepatic artery branches into

Answer 11

left hepatic artery

right hepatic artery

Question 12

superior mesenteric artery

Answer 12

2nd anterior branch of the aorta

courses parallel to aorta

Question 13

main lobar fissure

Answer 13

separates the right and left lobes of the liver

long. scan shows it extending from the portal vein to the neck of the gallbladder

Question 14

ligamentum teres

Answer 14

seen as the rounded termination of the falciform ligament

divides the medial and lateral segments of the left lobe of the liver

Question 15

ligamentum venosum

Answer 15

separates the left lobe from the caudate lobe of the liver

may be seen just inferior to the dome of the luver as a linear horizontal line just anterior to the caudate lobe and inferior vena cava

Question 16

falciform ligament

Answer 16

extends from umbilicus to the diaphragm in a parasagittal plain and contain the ligamentum teres

in the anteroposterior axis, it extends from the right rectus muscle to the bare area of the liver, where it’s echogenic reflections separate to contribute to the hepatic coronary ligament and attach to the undersurface of the diaphragm

separates the medial and lateral segments of the left lobe of the liver

Question 17

portal venous system

Answer 17

main portal vein

right portal vein

left portal vein

Question 18

main portal vein divides into

Answer 18

left and right portal veins

Question 19

right portal vein divides into

Answer 19

anterior and posterior branches

Question 20

main portal vein’s origin

Answer 20

behind the neck of the pancreas

formed by the confluence of the superior mesenteric vein and splenic veins

Question 21

right portal vein anterior branch

Answer 21

Intrasegmental in anterior segment of right lobe

Courses centrally in anterior segment of right lobe

closely parallels anterior abd wall

Question 22

right portal vein posterior branch

Answer 22

Intrasegmental in posterior segment of right lobe

Courses centrally in posterior segment of right lobe

Question 23

left portal vein ascending segment

Answer 23

Divides medial from lateral segment of left lobe

Question 24

left portal vein horizontal segment

Answer 24

anterior to caudate lobe

Separates caudate lobe posteriorly from medial segment of left lobe anteriorly

Question 25

visualization of main portal vein on transverse scan

Answer 25

thin walled circular structure lateral and somewhat anterior to inferior vena cava

Question 26

portal triad AKA porta hepatis

Answer 26

contains the portal vein, hepatic artery, and bile duct

Question 27

visualization of the right and left portal veins on transverse scan

Answer 27

seen as tubes because they course transversely through the liver

Question 28

anatomically, any intraparenchymal segment of the portal venous system lying to the right of the lateral aspect of the inferior vena cava is a branch of the ___________ portal system

Answer 28

right

Question 29

Liver kidney interface is also know as

Answer 29

Morrisons pouch

Question 30

superior mesenteric artery in location to pancreas

Answer 30

posterior to the lower portion of the pancreas body

Question 31

which have brighter walls: the portal veins or the hepatic veins

Answer 31

portal veins

Question 32

color doppler can be used to

Answer 32

identify vascular from non vascular structures

Question 33

flow toward the transducer is

Answer 33

red

Question 34

flow away from the transducer is

Answer 34

blue

Question 35

anatomically the C loop of the duodenum is around

Answer 35

the head of the pancreas

Question 36

anatomically the stomach is lateral to________and anterior to the ____________

Answer 36

left lobe of the liver pancreas

Question 37

the hepatic flexure of the colon is in

Answer 37

right upper quadrant

Question 38

what skeletal structure is posterior to the aorta

Answer 38

thoracic and lumbar spine

Question 39

what are the 5 scanning parameters

Answer 39

``` depth gain focus frequency Time Gain Compensation ```

Question 40

What improves axial resolution

Answer 40

raising the frequency

Question 41

what will make the image larger

Answer 41

decreased depth (depth number gets smaller)

Question 42

what should you do before making any other parameter changes

Answer 42

adjust imaging size by increasing or decreasing the depth