Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Clinical Anatomy 2 > Abdomen > Flashcards

Abdomen Flashcards

(45 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

what is the function of the abdomen

A

flexible container for the abdominal organs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what are the boundaries of the abdomen

A

anterior: abdominal wall
posterior: vertebral column
superior: diaphargm
inferior: pelvic inlet

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what are the functions of the anterior abdominal wall

A
  • support trunk
  • support abdominal viscera
  • manage intra-abdominal pressure during respiration
  • move the trunk and maintain posture
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

explain the layers of the rectus sheath

A 
anterior= external oblique and internal oblique
posterior= internal oblique and transverse abdominis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

explain the significance fo the arcuate line

A
  • shows the transiition between the aponeurotic posterior rectus sheath and the transversalis fascia
  • inferior epigastric vessels perforate the rectus abdominis
  • forms passageway for vassculature to come out and into the muscle
  • passageway for blood supply to reach rectus abominis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

desceribe the anatomy of the inguinal canal including its contents in male and females

A
  • parallel to inguinal ligament
  • openings called rings
  • occupied by: spermatic cord males and round ligament females
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

describe the division of hte abdomen into quadrants

A

R lower quadrant= apendicitis localiation
horz=through umbilicus
vertical=line down midline of body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what is the floor of the inguinal canal

A

inguinal ligament reinforced medially by lacunar ligament

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what is the anterior wall of the inguinal canal

A

external oblique aponeurosis reinforced laterally by internal oblique

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what is the posterior wall of the inguinal canal

A

transversalis fascia reinforced by conjoint tendon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what is an inguinal hernia

A

very common

  • abdominal contents protrude through abdominal wall
  • protrusion of peritoneal sac through weakened abdominal wall
  • can be caused by: obesity, aging, genetics, being male, certain ocupations
  • viscera can become trapped and twisted, compromising blood supply- tissue dies and becomes necrotic
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what is an indirect inguinal hernia

A
  • bowel passes lateral to inferior epigastric vessels
  • congenital
  • most common >66%
  • deep inguinal ring, inguinal canal, superficial ring
  • same pathway as spermatic cord and leads to content ending up in scrotum
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what is a direct inguinal hernia

A
  • bowel passes medial to inferior epigastric vessels
  • acquired
  • least common <33%
  • superficial inguinal ring
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are the attachments of the diaphargm

A

xiphoid process, inner surface lower ribs and costal cartilages, medial/lateral artcuate ligaments, lumbar vertebrae via crura to central tendon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what are the actions of the diaphragm

A

inspiration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what is the innervation of diaphragm

A

phrenic nerve c3-5

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what is the attachments of the external abdominal oblique

A

lower 8 ribs to iliac crest and rectus sheath

TL fascia attachment as well?

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what is the actions of external oblique

A
  • compression abdominal cavity

- ipsilateral lateral flexion and contralateral rotation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what is the innervation of external oblique

Study These Flashcards
A

ventral rami T7-12

20
Q

what are the attachments of internal oblique

Study These Flashcards
A

thoracolumbar fascia to inguinal ligament, iliac crest and rectus sheath

21
Q

what are the actions of internal oblique

Study These Flashcards
A
  • compression abdominal cavity

- flexion and rotation of trunk

22
Q

what is the innervation of internal oblique

Study These Flashcards
A

lower throacic and L1 ventral rami T7-12, L1, iliohypogastric and ilioinguinal ventral rami

23
Q

what are the attachments of QL

Study These Flashcards
A

12th rib and transverrse process of L1-L4 to iliolumbar ligament and iliac crest

24
Q

what are the actions of QL

Study These Flashcards
A
  • extension and lat flexion of trunk

- fixes 12 rib during respiration

25
what is the innervation of QL
lumbar plexus ventral rami T12-L3
26
what are the attachments of rectus abdominis
xiphoid process and adjacent costal cartilages of ribs 5-7 to pubic crest
27
what are the actions of rectus abd
flexion of trunk | compression of abdominal cavity
28
what is the innervation of rectus abd
lower thoracic ventral rami T5-12
29
what are the attachments of transversus abdominis
lower 6 costal cartilages and thoracolumbar fascia to inguinal ligament, iliac crest and rectus sheath
30
what are the actions of transverse abdominis
compression of abdominal cavity
31
what are the innverations of transverse abdominis
lower thoracic T7-12 | ventral divisions
32
what are the attachments of cremaster
medial edge of internal oblique to spermatic cord
33
what are the actions of cremaster
elevation of testis
34
what is the innervation of cremaster
genitofemoral nerve
35
describe the organization of the greater sac
main abdominal cavity
36
describe the organization of the lesser sac
- extension of the greater sac - also called omental bursa or diverticulum - a side chamber that has pushed its way to the side away from the main cavity - posterior to the stomach
37
describe the mesenteries
- double layer of peritoneum | - provides conduit for neurovascular supply between organ and body wall
38
what is the omental foramen
where the greater sac turns into the lesser sac
39
what is the falciform ligament
extends from liver to posterior surface of anterior abdominal wall -inferiorly, encloses round ligament of liver
40
what is intraperitoneal
- organs are enclosed by visceral peritoneum | - suspended by mestenteries
41
what is retroperitoneal
primary: never had mesentery and posterior kidneys and suprarenal glands ``` secondary: were previously intraperitoneal but mesentery fused during development duodenum (ascending, horz, desecnding) colon (asecnd and descend pancreas rectum upper 2/3 ```
42
list the layers of the anterior abdominal wall from superficial to deep
1. skin 2. campers fascia (fatty) 3. scarpas fascia (membrane) 4. EAO 5. IAO 6. TA 7. transversalis fascia 8. extraperitoneal adipose 9. parietal peritoneum
43
describe the innervation of the skin of the abdomen via T7-12 spinal nerves
segmental innervation T7-11: thoracoabdominal n T12= subcostal
44
name the compoisition of the portal triad
- common bile duct - hepatic artery proper - hepatic portal vein
45
how do you get from the liver to the IVC?
1. hepatic portal vein 2. sinusoids 3. central vein 4. hepatic vein 5. IVC 6. RA

Clinical Anatomy 2 (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions