abdomen

Question 1

cullen’s sign

Answer 1

a sign of bleeding in the peritoneum, a bluish color at the umbilicus

Question 2

Grey turner’s sign

Answer 2

bruises on the flanks due to retroperitoneal bleeding

Question 3

Locations of Abdominal Hernias

Answer 3

Umbilical, epigastric, inguinal, femoral

Question 4

diastisis recti

Answer 4

split ab muscles

Question 5

Diffuse abdominal distension can be caused by any of the 6 Fs

Answer 5

Fat (obesity)
Fluid (ascites - peritoneal fluid - or obstructed viscera filled with fluid)
Flatus (air) - e.g. from air swallowing or intestinal obstruction
Feces (constipation)
Fetus (pregnancy)
Fatal cancer

Question 6

Listen for Bowel Sound frequency

Answer 6

Normal frequency is 5 to 34 per minute

Question 7

Borborygm

Answer 7

loud prolonged gurgles of hyperperistalsis - “stomach growling”

Question 8

Bruits are ….

Answer 8

vascular sounds resembling heart murmurs

Question 9

Abdominal bruits are confined to systole in?

Answer 9

may be heard in normal people and do not signify occlusive disease

Question 10

Hepatic bruit are indicative of….

Answer 10

Carcinoma of liver

Alcoholic hepatitis

Question 11

In the abdomen, tympany changes to dullness over what?

Answer 11

with more density

Question 12

Gas in the colon may produce

Answer 12

tympany in the RUQ, obscure liver dullness, and falsely decrease the estimated liver size

Question 13

Involuntary rigidity or spasm of abdominal muscles indicates

Answer 13

peritoneal inflammation

Question 14

High-pitched tinkling sounds suggest ?

Answer 14

intestinal fluid and air under tension in a dilated bowel

Question 15

Rushes of high-pitched sounds coinciding with an abdominal cramp indicate ?

Answer 15

intestinal obstruction

Question 16

Bruits with both systolic and diastolic components suggest?

Answer 16

the turbulent blood flow of partial arterial occlusion

Question 17

Bruit in the upper abdomen with both systolic and diastolic components strongly suggests ?

Answer 17

renal artery stenosis

Question 18

Venous Hum

Answer 18

Rare
Indicates increased collateral circulation between portal and venous systems
Hepatic cirrhosis

Question 19

How do you assess ascites?

Answer 19

Shifting Dullness

Question 20

Rebound Tenderness

Answer 20

Pain induced or increased by quick withdrawak

Question 21

Murphy’s sign

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Answer 21

Gallbladder pain with touch

Question 22

First, even before palpation, ask the patient to?

Answer 22

cough and determine where the cough produced pain

Question 23

Normal liver edge is

Answer 23

soft, sharp and regular

Question 24

Rovsing’s sign

Answer 24

Pain in RLQ during LLQ pressure

Also referred rebound tenderness

Question 25

Psoas sign

Answer 25

Place hand just above patient’s right knee and ask the patient to raise the thigh against your hand

Question 26

Obturator sign

Answer 26

Flex patient’s right thigh at the hip, with the knee bent, and rotate leg internally at the hip