ABDOMEN Flashcards
(36 cards)
Name the 5 tissues structures used to determine effective technique of the abdomen
Lower liver border
Psoas Muscles
Kidneys
Ribs
Transverse processes of lumbar vertebrae
A prime requisite in abdominal examinations is to prevent?
Voluntary and involuntary movement
What 3 steps should u perform to prevent movement?
Adjust the patient in a comfortable position.
Explain the breathing procedures.
Take the exposure 1-2 seconds after respiration is suspended
_______ motion produces a blurred outline structures that do not have ______ movement
Voluntary, involuntary
For example:Patient breathing during the exposure, results in blurring bowel gas outlines in the upper abdomen
______ causes involuntary motion . May produce localized or generalized haziness of the image
peristalsis
Whats the collimation for AP supine abdomin
14x17
Whats the SID for abdomen
40 inches
What are the positions we are projecting
AP Supine (KUB)
AP Upright
For AP, supine & AP, upright if the patient cannot stand what projection can be substituted?
Left Lateral Decubitus
AP Abdomen, Supine
Part position
-Center the ____ of the body to the midline of the grid device.
-Support knees to reduce strain
-Ensure ______________ included
- For tall patients, obtain a second image for bladder.
-IR centered to _______.
-MSP
-pubic symphysis
-iliac crest
Where does the CR enter for AP abdomen, supine
MSP at level of iliac crests (1stview)
MSP and light field should be 2 inches below greater trochanter (2nd view)
AP Abdomen, supine (and upright)
Structures Shown:
-The size and shape of the ________
- The _______
-The__________
-_____________ or evidence of __________.
Liver
Spleen
Kidneys
Intra-abdominal calcifications, tumor masses
For what Projection do you see
- the size and shape of the liver
-the spleen
-the kidneys
-Intra-abdominal calcifications or evidence of tumor masses
AP abdomen, supine
AP abdomen, upright
AP abdomen, supine (and Upright)
Evaluation Criteria
- the ___________ to the upper abdomen.
-Pubic symphysis
For what projections do you see
the following Evaluation Criteria:
- The pubic symphysis to the upper abdomen.
-Centered vertebral column
-ribs, pelvis, and hips equidistant to the edge of the image or collimated borders on both sides.
AP abdomen supine
AP abdomen upright
For what projection do you see the following Evaluation Criteria:
NO ROTATION OF PATIENT
-Spinous processes in the center of the lumbar vertebrae.
-Ischial spines of the pelvis symmetric, if visible.
-Alae or wings of the ilia symmetric
AP abdomen, supine
AP abdomen, upright
For what projection do you see following Evaluation Criteria:
ADEQUATE EXPOSURE FACTORS:
-Lateral abdominal wall and properitoneal fat layer
-Psoas muscles, lower border of the liver, and kidneys
-Inferior ribs
-Transverse processes of the lumbar vertebrae
AP Abdomen Supine
AP abdomen , upright
For AP abdomen, Supine (and Upright) following Evaluation Criteria:
ADEQUATE EXPOSURE FACTORS SHOW:
-Lateral ______wall and ________fat layer
-_______muscles, lower border of the _____, and ______
-Inferior _____
-_______ of the ______ _____
abdominal , properitoneal
psoas, liver, kidneys
ribs
transverse processes -lumbar vertebrae
AP Abdomen, Upright :
Part Position Shows
-________ centered to grid.
-weight equally distributed on both feet.
-Arms out of radiation field.
-high enough to include _____________
MSP
diaphragm
Where is the IR centered for AP abdomen, upright
2 inches above the iliac crests
Where does the CR enter for AP abdomen, upright
on MSP at a level 2 inches above iliac crests
What 4 structures are shown AP abdomen, upright & AP abdomen, supine
-the size and shape of the liver
-the spleen
-the kidneys
-intra-abdominal calcifications or evidence of tumor masses
___________- a double-walled membranous sac that encloses the cavity
peritoneum
Name the layers of the peritoneum
visceral peritoneum-inner layer
parietal peritoneum- outer layer
