Abdomen and peritoneal anatomy COPY COPY Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Abdomen and peritoneal anatomy COPY COPY Deck (15)
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1
Q

What are the boundaries of the abdomen?

A

Superior- Diaphragm, inferior thoracic aperture
Inferior- Iliac crest, inguinal ligament, pelvic inlet.
Posterior- Lumbar vertebral column, Psoas major, quadrates lamborum, abdominal wall muscles
Lateral and anterior- abdominal wall

2
Q

Nine divisions of the abdomen

A
Left and right hypochondrium
Epigastric
Left and right flank
Umbilical
Left and right groin
Pubic region
3
Q

Layers of the abdomen from most superficial.

A

Epidermis
Superficial fascia: Campers and scarpas (only below umbilicus)
Muscles: External oblique, internal oblique, transverse abdominis
Trasversalis fascia
Extraperitoneal fascia
Parietal peritoneum

4
Q

Rectus abdominas: Name origin, insertion, action and nerve

A

Origin- pubic symphysis, pubic tubercle, pubic crest
Insertion, xiphoid process, lower cartilage of ribs
Action: Flex trunk, Support abdo cavity
Nerve: Anterior rami of thoracic spinal nerves

5
Q

External oblique: Name origin, insertion, action, nerve and fibre direction

A
Origin: Ribs 5-12
Insertion: Iliac crest and linea alba
Action: turn to opposite side
Nerve: anterior rami of thoracic spinal nerves
Fibre direction: Inferior-medial
6
Q

Internal oblique: Name origin, insertion, action, nerve and fibre direction

A

Origin: Inguinal ligament, iliac crest, thoracolumbar fascia
Insertion: Ribs 9-12
Action: turn to same side
Fibre direction: Supero medial
Nerve: Anterior rami of thoracic spinal nerves

7
Q

Transverse abdominas: Name origin, insertion, action, nerve and fibre direction

A

Origin: Thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest, inguinal ligament
Insertion: linea alba, pectineal line, pubic crest
Action: supports abdominal wall
Nerve:Anterior rami of thoracic spinal nerves
Fibre direction: transverse

8
Q

Rectus sheath- describe.

A

Aponeurosis of three abdominal wall layers, completely enclose the rectus abdominas to the level of the arcuate line where it covers the superficial surface only.

9
Q

Abdominal muscle blood supply

A

Inferior and superior epigastric arteries. They enastamose and run over the top of the transversalis fascia.

10
Q

Venous drainage

A

Thoracoepigastic- drains to axillary

Superficial epigastric- drains to femoral

11
Q

Nerve supply and pathway

A

Skin, muscle and parietal peritoneum all supplied by lower 6 (T7-12) intercostal nerve and iliohypogastric/ ilioinguinal (L1). All from anterior rami
Nerves travel between internal oblique and transversus abdominal

12
Q

Abdomen dermatomes start, middle finish

A

T6 at xiphoid proces, T7, T8, T9, T10 at umbilicus, T11, T12, L1 at anterior rami of pubic symphysis

13
Q

Lymphatic drainage

A

Above bellybutton anterior and posterior auxiliary

Belo bellybutton the superficial inguinal

14
Q

Describe the nerve supply of the parietal peritoneum

A
SOMATIC
Sensitive to touch, pain, pressure, temperature.
Body wall- thoracic and lumbar nerves
Superior- phrenic nerve
Inferior- obturator nerve
15
Q

Describe the neve supply to the visceral peritoneum

A

AUTONOMIC
Sensitive to stretch/ distension
Afferent fibres