Abdomen- Blood supply

Question 1

Esophagus- blood supply

Answer 1

Aorta

Question 2

Function of stomach x 4

Answer 2

Control appetite
Food storage
Begins digestion
Propels chyme

Question 3

Small Bowel

Answer 3

Duodenum (1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th)
Jejunum
Ileum

Question 4

Large bowel

Answer 4

Cecum & appendix
Ascending colon
Transverse colon
Descending colon
Sigmoid colon
Colorectal junction

Question 5

Foregut

Answer 5

Stomach and Duodenum

Question 6

Foregut blood supply

Answer 6

Celiac trunk

Question 7

Midgut

Answer 7

Jejunum
Ilium
Ceceum & Appendix
Ascending colon
Transverse colon

Question 8

Midgut blood supply

Answer 8

Superior mesenteric artery

Question 9

Hindgut

Answer 9

Descending colon
Sigmoid colon
Colorectal junction

Question 10

Hindgut blood supply

Answer 10

Inferior mesenteric artery

Question 11

Rectum blood supply

Answer 11

Inferior mesenteric artery, middle & inferior rectal vessels

Question 12

Anal canal- blood supply

Answer 12

Inferior rectal vessels

Question 13

Phrenicoesophageal ligament

Answer 13

Esophagus links to diaphragm- allows independent movement

Question 14

Ligament to lesser curvature of stomach

Answer 14

hepatogastric ligament

Question 15

Ligament to greater curvature of stomach

Answer 15

gastrocolic ligament

Question 16

Arteries of stomach

Answer 16

All off celiac trunk:
R & L gastric- lesser curvature
R & L Gastroepiploic (gastroomental)- greater curvature
Posterior gastric- body
Short gastric- fundus

Question 17

Veins of stomach

Answer 17

Into hepatic portal vein
R& L gastric vein
R & L gastroepiplocic
Posterior gastric
Short gastric

Question 18

Innervation of stomach

Answer 18

Intrinsic
Parasymathetic
Sympathetic

Question 19

Parasympathetics of stomach

Answer 19

Vagal trunk- in brainstem
Terminal ganglia outside wall of stomach- synapse
speed up peristalsis

Question 20

Sympathetics of stomach

Answer 20

1st neuron- Intermediolateral cell columns-> ventral root-> white rams communicants, through sympathetic chain into greater or lesser splachnic nerves.
2nd neuron- Synapase at celiac ganglion- follows arteries

Question 21

Afferents of stomach- vagus nerve & dorsal root ganglion

Answer 21

1 from vagus, end as stretch receptors in stomach

Primary from dorsal root ganglia of thorax- detects inflammation

Question 22

Function of Sympathetic NS to stomach

Answer 22

Stops peristalsis

Sympathetic tone to keep sphincters closed

Question 23

Duodenum function

Answer 23

Neutralize stomach acid
Add pancreatic juices
Begin absorption of nutrients

Question 24

2nd part of duodenum

Answer 24

Immobile
Retroperitoneal
Entrance for bile and pancreatic ducts
Superior

Question 25

Blood supply to duodenum

Answer 25

- Superior mesenteric artery - Anterior & posteror superior pancreaticoduodenal arteries - Anterior & posterior inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery

Question 26

4th part of duodenum

Answer 26

Suspensory muscle of duodenum- facilitates movement of food | Attached to diaphragm

Question 27

Sympathetic Nerves to duodenum

Answer 27

Celiac ganglion & superior mesenteric ganglion

Question 28

Jejunum & ileum function

Answer 28

nutrient absorption

Question 29

Arteries to jejunum and ilium

Answer 29

Superior mesenteric artery-> arteria recta- penetrate

Question 30

Sympathetic nerves to jejunum & ilium

Answer 30

Superior mesenteric ganglion

Question 31

Enteric nervous system

Answer 31

``` microscopic- control peristalsis Pacemaker neurons Integrative neurons afferent neurons efferent neurons ```

Question 32

Gastric Ulcer

Answer 32

H pylori infectionor NSAIDs Sx- Dull abdominal pain after eaten, weight loss, nausea, nocturnal abdominal pain. Referred pain to left shoulder Break down of mucosal lining of stomach and duodenum.

Question 33

Biliary Obstruction

Answer 33

Sx- jaundice, RUQ tenderness, tender liver edge palpable, positive murphy sign. Blockage of biliary tree by gallstone

Question 34

Appendicitis

Answer 34

Blockage of lumen allows accumulation of bacteria. | Vague periumbilical pain-> shifts to Mcburney point, rebound tenderness, N/V. diarrhea

Question 35

Ureterlithiasis

Answer 35

Flank pain, chills, hematuria, dysuria, freq and urgent urination Due to stone from kidney in ureter

Question 36

Ruptured spleen

Answer 36

LUQ pain, hemoperitomeum, due to blunt abdominal trauma, rebound tenderness