Abdominal

Question 1

views

Answer 1

-upright- flat and upright -> air and fluid
-supine
-left lateral decubitus
-prone- anyone who cant lie supine

Question 2

upright

Answer 2

-fluids!!!
-chest pathology may mimic abdominal pain
-abdominal pathology can cause lung pathology -> fistulas
-something is so inflamed you can see it in the chest -> pancreatitis, sepsis
-pleural effusions related to abdomin
-backup of lymphatics from abdomen -> effusions or metastisis

Question 3

acute abdominal series

Answer 3

-supine, prone view (if indicated), upright or left lateral decubitus, UPRIGHT CHEST X-RAY
-why do we want chest x-ray? -> free air under the diaphragm -> perforation -> OR

Question 4

step latter sign

Answer 4

-fluid and air building up and extending intestines
-obstruction
-would not see supine

Question 5

small bowel

Answer 5

-central

Question 6

large bowel

Answer 6

periphery

Question 7

center

Answer 7

lumbar spine rotation and pelvic rami alignment

Question 8

normals

Answer 8

-gas patterns: small vs large bowel
-intraluminal vs extraluminal
-……..

Question 9

GI gas patterns

Answer 9

-stomach
-small bowel- circular (flat is abnormal)
-location centrally
-no stool in SI
-anatomical detail- more distended than certain diameter -> indicates obstruction
-suspect (small bowel obstruction) SBO if dilated >3cm (large bowel >6cm)
-valvulae conniventes- span the bowel (can only really see if distended)

-large bowel-
-haustral markings- half way through the bowel
-

Question 10

localized vs generalized gas

Answer 10

-localized- 1-2 loops
-large bowel

-general-
-all
-stomach

Question 11

mechanical changes

Answer 11

-adhesions
-loop, twist, tangle
-scars
-

Question 12

older person, pencil stool, distended stomach, decreased bowel movements

Answer 12

probably large bowel obstruction

Question 13

nausea, NOT passing stool, epigastric pain

Answer 13

small bowel obstruction