Abdominal

Question 1

4 Quadrants:

Answer 1

Upper Right - liver, right kidney, duodenum
Lower Right - appendix, cecum, ascending
Upper Left - spleen, stomach
Lower Left - descending/sigmoid, left kidney

Question 2

9 Regions

Answer 2

Middle Top-Bottom
Epigastric, Umbilical, Hypogastric
L-R Top Bottom
Hypochondriac, Lumbar, Iliac

Question 3

If painful areas, inspect last. T/F?

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Purplish color suggests:

Answer 4

Internal bleeding

Question 5

Yellowish color suggests:

Answer 5

Liver disease

Question 6

Red color suggests:

Answer 6

Inflammation

Question 7

Pale & taut suggests:

Answer 7

Ascites (fluid in abdomen)

Question 8

Dark bluish striae suggest:

Answer 8

Cushings (Underactive Adrenal glands)

Question 9

Excessive scar tissue suggests:

Answer 9

Keloids

Question 10

A distended abdomen may be due to (5)

Answer 10

1. Gas
2. Fluid
3. Feces
4. Tumor
5. Fat

Question 11

Distension below umbilicus may be due to: (3)

Answer 11

1. Full bladder
2. Uterine enlargement
3. Ovarian tumor

Question 12

Bulges or asymmetry suggest: (4)

Answer 12

1. Hernia
2. Tumors
3. Bowel obstruction
4. Organ enlargement

Question 13

Slight aortic pulsations may be seen in the epigastrium. T/F?

Answer 13

True

Question 14

When auscultating abdominal sounds start in the:

Answer 14

Right Lower Quadrant and proceed clockwise.

Question 15

Hypoactive sounds may indicate:

Answer 15

Bowel Obstruction

Question 16

Hyperactive sounds may indicate:

Answer 16

Diarrhea or Impending Obstruction

Question 17

Absence of bowel sounds suggests:

Answer 17

Paralytic Ileus or Peritonitis

Question 18

High pitched tinkling sounds suggest:

Answer 18

Bowel obstruction

Question 19

To confirm absence of bowel sounds listen for:

Answer 19

5 minutes

Question 20

When percussing, we hear _____ over most areas.

Answer 20

Tympany

Question 21

Dullness is heard over the:

Answer 21

Spleen, liver or full rectum.

Question 22

Hyperresonance indicates:

Answer 22

Gas

Question 23

Dullness beyond normal borders of liver and spleen indicate:

Answer 23

Organ enlargement

Question 24

To measure the liver we:

Answer 24

1. Measure lower border. Note where change from tympany to dullness.
2. Measure upper border percuss down chest to where tympany changes to dullness.

Question 25

The distance between the upper and lower border =

Answer 25

Liver span

Question 26

The lower border should be?

Answer 26

1-2 cm below the costal margin

Question 27

Upper border should be?

Answer 27

5th Intercostal Space

Question 28

Distance should measure

Answer 28

6-12 cm (Upper for males & tall people, lower for females and shorties)

Question 29

Increased liver span suggests:

Answer 29

Cirrhosis, tumor or vascular engorgement.

Question 30

Reduced liver span suggests:

Answer 30

Atrophy

Question 31

When palpating, involuntary guarding suggests:

Answer 31

Peritoneal irritation

Question 32

If there is abdominal tenderness, test for:

Answer 32

Appendicitis

Question 33

Test for Psoas sign?

Answer 33

Raise right leg from hip. Press down while client resists.

Question 34

What would the Psoas test indicate?

Answer 34

Pain in RLQ associated with appendicitis.

Question 35

Test for Positive Obturator Sign?

Answer 35

Raise leg & support clients ankle. | Flex knee & rotate leg internally & externally.

Question 36

Pain in Obturator Sign?

Answer 36

RLQ associated with appendicits.