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Anatomy 1 > Abdominal Anatomy > Flashcards

Abdominal Anatomy Flashcards

(40 cards)

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1
Q

7 abdominal wall layers from superficial to deep

A
  1. Skin
  2. Camper’s fascia (fatty)
  3. Scarpa’s fascia (fibrous)
  4. Trilaminar block of muscle
  5. Transversal is fascia
  6. Extraperitoneal fat
  7. Parietal peritoneum
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2
Q

Where do liver and pancreas communicate with duodenum?

A

Second segment

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3
Q

What 2 parts of the colon are mobile?

A

Transverse colon

Sigmoid colon

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4
Q

What are appendices epiploicae of colon?

A

Blobs of fat

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5
Q

Longitudinal muscle fibers that run along large intestine?

A

Taenia coli

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6
Q

Where can normal-sized liver be palpated?

A

Under right rib cage during deep inspiration

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7
Q

What are 4 lobes of liver?

A 
Right lobe (larger)
Left lobe 
Quadrate lobe (anterior)
Caudate lobe (posterior)
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8
Q

Ligament that separates lobes on liver?

A

Ligamentum teres

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9
Q

Where is gallbladder located on liver?

A

Inferior and anterior

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10
Q

What is uncinate process of pancrease?

A

Hook

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11
Q

What is the sphincter of Oddi?

A

Second segment of duodenum where common bile duct attach

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12
Q

What 6 things does the celiac artery supply?

A
  1. Distal esophagus
  2. Stomach
  3. First half of duodenum
  4. Liver
  5. Pancreas
  6. Spleen
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13
Q

What 7 things does the superior mesenteric artery supply?

A
  1. Second half of duodenum
  2. Jejunum
  3. Ileum
  4. Appendix
  5. Cecum
  6. Ascending colon
  7. First 2/3 of transverse colon
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14
Q

What 4 things does inferior mesenteric artery supply?

A
  1. Distal 1/3 of transverse colon
  2. Descending colon
  3. Sigmoid colon
  4. Rectum
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15
Q

Where does nearly all venous blood from gut drain to the liver by?

A

Portal vein

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16
Q

Where does the hepatic vein drain its blood into?

A

From liver to inferior vena cava

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17
Q

Splenic veins have same names as arteries except which one?

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A

Celiac artery; instead portal vein

18
Q

2 symptoms of biliary obstruction?

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A

Jaundice

‘Clay-colored’ stool

19
Q

Surface anatomy of gall bladder?

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A

Just lateral to rectus abdominis at semilunar line and at costal margin

20
Q

Why do the tiny vein in anastomoses become engorged?

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A

Portal hypertension

21
Q

When tiny veins in anastomoses become an engorged vein, what are they called?

22
Q

What are anastomoses between?

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A

Portal and canal venous systems

23
Q

What 4 things can cause portal HTN?

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A
  1. Cancer
  2. Cirrhosis
  3. Thrombosis
  4. Congenital malformation of IVC
24
Q

What else is portal HTN associated with besides varices (2)

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A

Splenomegaly

Ascites

25
4 places where anastomoses between portal and canal venous system?
1. Left gastric vein with azygos vein 2. Superior rectal vein with middle and inferior rectal veins 3. Paraumbilical veins with thoracoepigastric vein and inferior/superficial epigastric vein 4. Inferior mesenteric vein and veins of posterior abdominal wall and connected to hemiazygos vein
26
Anastomosis of Left gastric vein with azygos vein causes?
Esophageal varices (most common death in pts with portal HTN)
27
Anastomosis of Superior rectal vein with middle and inferior rectal veins?
Rectal varices - bright red bleeding is symptom - tar-colored stool is upper GI bleeding
28
Anastomoses of Paraumbilical veins with thoracoepigastric vein and inferior/superficial epigastric vein?
Radiate form umbilicus (called caput medusae)
29
Anastomoses of Inferior mesenteric vein and veins of posterior abdominal wall and connected to hemiazygos vein?
Generally asymptomatic
30
Fresh bright red blood vomit
Sever, acute bleeding
31
Coffee ground emetics (vomit)
Long-term bleeding
32
Caused by cutting, tearing, extremes in temp, and inflammation; sharp and easily localized?
Somatic pain
33
Caused by ischemia, distention, and prolonged SM contraction; dull and diffuse (poorly localized)?
Visceral pain
34
Feels like somatic pain, but nothing wrong with somatic structures to cause it and often accompanies visceral pain?
Referred pain
35
What is referred pain useful for?
Diagnosis visceral problems
36
Does visceral peritoneum have any sensory innervation of its own?
No
37
What is parietal peritoneum?
Part of the body wall and is a somatic structure
38
What is McBurney’s point?
Right side, 1/3 of way from the anterior superior iliac spine to umbilicus
39
Frequency positions appendix is found:
``` 64% retrocecal 32% pelvic 2% lateral 1% preilieal .5% postileal ```
40
What is important indicator to find appendix?
Anterior tenia coli

Anatomy 1 (3 decks)

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