abdominal assessment.pdf Flashcards
(17 cards)
What are the four quadrants of the abdomen?
- Right Upper Quadrant
- Left Upper Quadrant
- Right Lower Quadrant
- Left Lower Quadrant
These quadrants help in identifying the location of various organs and potential issues.
Name three specific organs located in the abdomen.
- Liver
- Gallbladder
- Pancreas
Other organs include the stomach, spleen, small intestine, large intestine, appendix, kidneys, bladder, and reproductive organs.
What is the purpose of an ultrasound in abdominal diagnostics?
To visualize the gallbladder and assess its function or abnormalities
Ultrasound can also be used for assessing kidneys and other abdominal structures.
Which laboratory tests are used for liver diagnostics?
- Aspartate aminotransferase (AST)
- Alanine aminotransferase (ALT)
- Ammonia (NH3)
- Bilirubin
- Liver Biopsy
These tests help assess liver function and detect liver diseases.
What does the term ‘epigastric’ refer to?
The area between the costal margins
This term is used in the context of abdominal assessment.
Fill in the blank: The _______ is the area above the pubic bone.
[suprapubic]
What is the correct order of examination for the abdomen?
- Inspect
- Auscultate
- Percuss
- Palpate
This order ensures a thorough assessment of abdominal organs.
What are the signs of abdominal distention?
- Fat
- Fetus
- Fluid
- Flatulence
- Feces
- Fibroid Tumor
- Fatal Tumor
Distention can indicate various underlying conditions.
What should be assessed during auscultation of bowel sounds?
- Present or absent
- Normoactive
- Hyperactive
- Hypoactive
A minimum of 3-5 minutes should be listened to per quadrant to conclude absence.
True or False: Grey Turner’s sign is associated with abdominal trauma.
True
It indicates bruising around the flanks, suggesting internal bleeding.
What techniques are used for palpation during an abdominal assessment?
- Light palpation
- Deep palpation
These techniques help assess the size and tenderness of organs.
What are some developmental considerations for abdominal assessment in older adults?
- Pot belly
- Altered absorption of medications
- Decreased red blood cells
- Decreased liver cells
- Decreased gallbladder function
- Decreased pancreatic enzymes
- Decreased peristalsis
These changes can affect the assessment findings.
What is McBurney’s Point used to assess?
Appendicitis
Tenderness at this point indicates possible appendicitis.
What is a common symptom of constipation during pregnancy?
Acid reflux
Other symptoms may include morning sickness and pica.
Fill in the blank: A _______ scan is used to assess renal and vascular sounds.
[ultrasound]
What is the significance of measuring liver span?
To assess for hepatomegaly
An enlarged liver can indicate various liver disorders.
What is the purpose of a barium enema?
To visualize the large intestine
It helps in diagnosing conditions like tumors or inflammatory bowel disease.
