Abdominal Circulation

Question 1

Paired Parietal off Abdominal Aorta

Answer 1

1. Inferior Phrenic Artery

2. Lumbar Arteries (4 pairs)

Question 2

Unpaired Parietal off Abdominal Aorta

Answer 2

Median Sacral Artery

Question 3

Paired Visceral off Abdominal Aorta

Answer 3

1. Renal Artery
2. Middle Suprarenal Artery
3. Gonadal Artery (Testicular or Ovarian)

Question 4

Unpaired Visceral off Abdominal Aorta

Answer 4

1. Celiac Trunk
2. Superior Mesenteric Artery
3. Inferior Mesenteric Artery

Question 5

Branches of the Celiac Trunk (Clockwise from 12:00)

Answer 5

1. Left Gastric Artery
2. Splenic Artery
3. Common Hepatic Artery

Question 6

Where does the Left Gastric Artery Run?

Answer 6

To the lesser curvature of the stomach through the lesser omentum

Question 7

Branches of the Left Gastric Artery

Answer 7

Esophageal Branch (Anastamoses with the Esophageal branches of the Thoracic aorta, which anastamose with the Esophageal Artery from the Inferior Thyroid Artery)

Question 8

Branches of the Splenic Artery

Answer 8

1. Pancreatic Branches
2. Short Gastric Branches
3. Left Gastroepiploic Artery
4. Numerous Branches to spleen

Question 9

Where does the Left Gastroepiploic Artery run?

Answer 9

Greater Curvature in Greater Omentum

Question 10

What are the branches of the Common Hepatic Artery?

Answer 10

1. Right Gastric Artery
2. Gastroduodenal Artery
3. Right Hepatic Artery
4. Left Hepatic Artery

Question 11

What are the branches of the Gastroduodenal Artery?

Answer 11

1. Right Gastroepiploic Artery

2. Superior Pancreaticoduodenal Artery

Question 12

What is the parent of the Cystic Artery?

Answer 12

Right Hepatic Artery

Question 13

Where does the Right Gastric Artery run?

Answer 13

Lesser Curvature of the Stomach in the Lesser Omentum

Question 14

Where does the Right Gastroepiploic Artery run?

Answer 14

Greater Curvature of the Stomach in the Greater Omentum

Question 15

What are the Branches of the Superior Mesenteric Artery (Clockwise from 12:00)?

Answer 15

1. Intestinal Arteries (Jejunal, Ileal, Arcades, and Vasa Recti)
2. Ileocecal/Ileocolic Artery
3. Right Colic Artery
4. Middle Colic Artery
5. Inferior Pancreaticoduodenal Artery

Question 16

What is the parent of the Appendicular Artery?

Answer 16

Ileocecal/Ileocolic Artery

Question 17

What are the branches of the Inferior Mesenteric Artery?

Answer 17

1. Left Colic Artery
2. Sigmoid Arteries (2 or 3)
3. Superior Rectal Artery (Continuation of the Inferior Mesenteric Artery)

Question 18

What does the Superior Rectal Artery Anastamose with?

Answer 18

Middle and Inferior Rectal Arteries from Internal Iliac Artery

Question 19

Where does the left Colic Artery run?

Answer 19

1. Ascending Branch Anastamoses with Middle Colic Artery

2. Descending Branch Anastamoses with Sigmoid Arteries

Question 20

What is the Most inferior artery from the Celiac Trunk?

Answer 20

Superior Pancreaticoduodenal Artery

Question 21

What is the Most Superior artery from the Celiac Trunk?

Answer 21

Esophageal Artery

Question 22

General Rules of Abdominal Venous Circulation

Answer 22

1. Venous blood from Paired Parietals travel via Same Veins to Azygous System to SVC
2. Venous blood from Paired Visceral Arteries travel via Same Veins to IVC
3. Venous blood from Unpaired Viscerals to Liver via Portal Vein, then through Hepatic Veins to IVC

Question 23

What are the Tributaries of the Portal Vein?

Answer 23

1. Superior Mesenteric Vein

2. Splenic Vein

Question 24

Where is the Portal Vein formed?

Answer 24

Posterior to the Neck of the Pancreas

Question 25

What veins are direct tributaries to the Portal Vein?

Answer 25

1. Left Gastric Vein 2. Right Gastric Vein 3. Gastroduodenal Vein 4. Paraumbilical Vein

Question 26

Why does the venous blood from the Spleen (Mesoderm) end up in the portal vein (Endoderm)?

Answer 26

Because the spleen breaks up red blood cells and the products of that breakdown are toxic. Therefore, they need to go to the liver for detoxification. Also, Bile is made from the products of RBC breakdown.

Question 27

Cirrhosis

Answer 27

- Liver with scar tissue - Liver decreases in size and rerouting occurs to circumvent liver - Portal Hypertension (Pressure increases as liver shrinks)

Question 28

Portal-Systemic Anastamoses

Answer 28

1. Esophageal Branches of Left Gastric Vein on lower 1/3 of Esophagus to esophageal branches of middle 1/3 of esophagus to Azygous vein to SVC 2. 1/2 way down Anal Canal, Sup. Rectal Veins to Middle and Inferior Rectal Veins to Internal Iliac Vein 3. Paraumbilical Veins connect portal vein with superficial veins of ant. abdominal wall

Question 29

Esophageal Varices

Answer 29

Enlargement of Esophageal Veins, which can result in spitting up blood

Question 30

Hemorrhoids

Answer 30

Enlargement of veins in Anal Canal, which can result in bloody stools

Question 31

Caput Medusae

Answer 31

Enlargement of Paraumbilical Veins

Question 32

What level are the Inferior Phrenic Arteries located?

Answer 32

Level of the Celiac Trunk

Question 33

What vein is the Inferior Mesenteric Vein a tributary of?

Answer 33

The Splenic Vein

Question 34

Where does the Paraumbilical vein run?

Answer 34

With the Ligamentum Teres to the Portal Vein