abdominal exams Flashcards
steps of abdominal exam
inspectioon
auscultation
percussion
palpation
observe what you see, hear, or smell using senses of sight, hearing, and smell
inspection
listen, using a stethoscope or naked ear, to sounds produced by different parts of the body
auscultation
use fingertips to tap lightly against body structures to assess location and density of underlying body masses or organs
percussion
use touch to evaluate location, texture, size, temperature, warmth, coolness, tenderness, and mobility
palpation
how to prepare patient before abdominal exam
wash your hands
introduce yourself and explain reason for visit
obtain permission
ensure comfort
conduct pre-examination interview
visual inspection of what you see: symmetry, contour, texture, and color
inspection
6 f’s of abdominal distention (belly sticking out)
fluid
fat
flatulence
fetus
feces
full-sized tumor
normal movement
high pitched gurgle, 5-35x/min
hyperactive sounds (high-pitched, rushing, and tinkling)
borborygmi (diarrhea, fluid or air under pressure_
hypoactive sounds: quiet, heard less every 15-20
ileus or peritonitis
presence of air, high-pitched drum like sound
tympany
solid masses and organs
dullness
abdominal distention, pain
nausea, vomiting
absence of stools
without passage of stools, absent bowel sounds
few air fluid levels
paralytic ileus
abdominal distention and pain
nausea and vomiting
absense of stools
diarrhea
distended, firm
high pitched sounds
bowel obstruction
