Abdominal structures Flashcards
what are the names of the two body cavities?
dorsal and ventral
what makes up the dorsal cavity?
cranial cavity and the spinal canal
what makes up the ventral cavity?
the anterior side of the body. it is split up between the thoracic and the abdominopelvic cavity.
what separates the thoracic and the abdominopelvic cavity?
the diaphragm
what is located inside of the thoracic cavity?
lung, heart, thymus gland, esophagus, and trachea
what are four visceral organs within the abdominal cavity?
- liver
- gallbladder
- spleen
- pancreas
- kidneys
- stomach
- small intestines
- part of the large intestine
what muscles support the abdominal wall?
Latissimus dorsi, serratus anterior, rectus abdominis, pectoralis major, external oblique, and pyramidalis
define linea alba
linea alba is a fibrous band that stretches from the xiphoid process and the symphysis pubis
the pelvis is divided into what two areas?
the true pelvis and the false pelvis
what organs are in the true pelvis?
bladder, colon, and reproductive organs
what is the space anterior to the uterus called?
uterovesical space
what is the space posterior to the uterus called?
recto-uterine pouch, or pouch of Douglas
what muscles make up the pelvic floor?
levator anti muscles, and the pubococcygeus
name the three muscles that form the levator ani muscles
puborectalis, pubococcygeus, and iliococcygeus muscles
what is the peritoneum?
the peritoneum is a serous membrane that lines the walls of the abdominal cavity and clothes the abdominal viscera. it is formed by a single layer of cells called mesothelium.
where is the peritoneum located?
the peritoneum lines the abdominal cavity in two layers: the visceral and parietal layer
what is the space between the visceral and parietal layer called?
peritoneal cavity
what is it called when fluid forms within the peritoneal cavity?
ascites
what is the mesentery and where is it located?
the mesentery is a two-layered fold in the peritoneum. it attaches part of the intestines to the posterior portion of the abdominal wall.
what is the omentum and where is it located?
the omentum is a two-layered fold in the peritoneum that attaches the stomach to another viscous organ.
what is the greater omenutm?
the greater omentum is attached to the greater curvature of the stomach
what is the lesser omentum?
the lesser omentum slings the lesser curvature of the stomach to the undersurface of the liver.
what is the falciform ligament?
the falciform ligament attaches to the liver to the anterior wall of the abdomen, and to the undersurface of the diaphragm
what is the ligamentum teres?
a fibrous cord that allows stability for the liver by attaching to the peritoneum
