abdominopelvic muscles

Question 1

Rectus Abdominis-O, I, NS and A

Answer 1

o-pubic symphysis & pubic crest
i-xiphoid process & CCs of ribs 5-7
NS-thoracoabdominal nerves
A-flexes trunk; compression and support of abdominal viscera

Question 2

External Oblique-O, I, NS and A

Answer 2

o-external surfaces ribs 5-12
i-linea alba, pubic tubercle, ant 1/2 iliac crest
NS-thoracoabdominal nerves and subcostal nerve
A-flex and rotate trunk; compression and support of abdominal viscer

Question 3

Internal Oblique

Answer 3

O-thoracolumbar fascia, ant 2/3 iliac crest, lat 1/2 inguinal ligament
I-inf borders ribs 10-12, linea alba, pectineal line via conjoint tendon
NS-thoracoabdominal nerves & first Lumbar nerves
A-flex and rotate trunk; compress and support abdominal viscera

Question 4

Transverse Abdominis

Answer 4

O-internal surfaces CCs 7-12, thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest, lat 1/3 inguinal ligament
I-linea alba with aponeurosis of Internal Oblique, pubic crest, pectineal line via conjoint tendon
NS-thoracoabdominal and first Lumbar nerves
A-compress and support abdominal viscera

Question 5

where do the thoracoabdominal nerves come from?

Answer 5

the ventral rami of the inferior 6 thoracic nerves

Question 6

between the midclavicular line and the midline, the aponeuroses of the 3 flat muscles form the…
the aponeuroses of the 3 flat muscles interweave with their partners from the opposite forming the…

Answer 6

rectus sheath

linea alba

Question 7

from superficial to deep, list the layers of the anterolateral abdominal wall

Answer 7

1. skin
2. subcutaneous tissue (mainly fat)
3. muscles (EO, IO, TA)
4. deep fascia
5. parietal peritoneum

Question 8

the transversalis fascia lies between what two layers of the anterolateral abdominal wall?

Answer 8

the muscles (lying against TA) and the parietal peritoneum

Question 9

list the 3 Levator Ani muscles

Answer 9

1. puborectalis
2. pubococcygeus
3. iliococcygeus

Question 10

Describe the position of Puborectalis

Answer 10

forms a U shaped sling extending from pubic bones, posterior to the anorectal junction

Question 11

Pubococcygeus: O and I

Answer 11

O-body of pubis

I-coccyx

Question 12

Iliococcygeus: O and I

Answer 12

O-ischial spine and fascia of Obturator Internus

I-coccyx

Question 13

Coccygeus: O and I

Answer 13

O-ischial spine

I-sacrum and coccyx

Question 14

3 actions of levator ani muscles

Answer 14

1. muscular sling that supports the abdominopelvic viscera
2. elevates pelvic floor and resists increases in intra-abdominal pressure. important during sneezing, coughing and heavy lifting
3. contributes to urinary and faecal continence

Question 15

nerve supply to Levator Ani and Coccygeus?

Answer 15

nerve to levator ani and coccygeus

Question 16

what structures form the pelvic floor?

Answer 16

the Levator Ani muscles, Coccygeus and their fascia