If you have a Distal Extension, what are 3 tx options to consider?
- Removable Dental Prosthesis
- Implant Retained FDP
- Removable Partial Overdenture
- Retained roots
- Implant assited RDP
What are 5 Disadvantages of RBDFP?
- Not "non-invasive"
- Anterior esthetics difficult
- Limited indications: Occlusion, restorative space
- Limited long-term data
- Debonding problems
The ratio of the occlusocervical/incisocervical dimension of a prepared tooth to the faciolingual dimension should be at least _____ or higher for all teeth
0.4 mm
For removable, what would you consider for an abutment if the crown-root ratio is less than 1:1?
Consider overdenture abutment
What happens when you have a B contact only?
Maxillary teeth move lingually, mandibular teeth move buccally
What are 4 advantages of Cusp to Fossa Occlusion?
- Forces in line with the long axis of teeth
- Eliminates the "plunger cusp" effect
- Greater stability to the dental arch
- Less tendency towards tooth mobility
Describe the Double String Retraction Technique...
- A small water or Hemodent dampened cord / 2.0 silk or 000 is placed
- A second Hemodent dampened cord is placed
- Only the second cord is removed during impression making
What are some characteristics of Cement Retained Implant Crowns?
- Not retrievable
- Better screw mechanics
- Better esthetics
- Easier to develop occlusion
- Correct implant malposition
- More passive fit
Regarding alginate properties, what is the best way to control the setting time?
Water Temp
not water : powder ratio
What happens when you remove alginate from an undercut?
It gets compressed
What is a Metamerism?
Seemlingly same color but appear different under a different light source
In CR, what position is the condyle braced in?
Superior and Anterior position
What do you have to be careful of when using Electrosurgical methods of tissue management?
Pacemaker!
What is the optimum crown-root ratio for implants? Minimal?
- Optimum 2:3
- Minimal 1:1
- Landmarks: Occlusal Surface to Available Bone Height
Regarding the first principle of prep design according to Shilingburg, how do you preserve Periodontal structures?
- Margin location
- Attached gingiva
- Biologic width
- Periodontal surgical timing
What is value?
Lightness or darkness of the hue
What 2 things increase with time regarding alginate?
- Tear strength
- Resistance to deformation
What should be used routinely when mandibular molars are prepped for an FDP?
Where do you place these?
Axial Grooves/Boxes
Proximal Surface (B/L)
In what order regarding value, chroma, and hue should you pick your shade match?
Value > Chroma > Hue
What are 2 advantges of RBFDP?
- Less invasive to tooth and pulp
- Reduced cost
Define Imbibition...
When alginate abosrbs water (swells) on immersion
What are some clinical tips when pouring/transfering an alginate impression to the lab?
- Pour as soon as possible
- Store in 100% humidity (plastic bag) until pouring
- Don't wrap in wet towels or immerse
In an Implant Retained Fixed Complete Denture (Hybrid), how many implants would you use, and between what structures?
4-6 Implants
Between mental foramina
When you are programming a semi-adjustable articulator, what are you setting?
What records do you use to accomplish this?
Condylar inclination + Bennett angle
Eccentric interocclusal records (lateral/protrusive records) are ued to program this
What makes internal hex better than external hex?
- Developed to provide solutions to screw loosening
- Increased surface contact abutment-implant
- Geometric lock
- Better stress distribution
What happens when you have an A and C contact only?
Maxillary teeth move buccally, mandibular teeth move lingually
What kind of records does a Celenza Class 3b take?
What is an example?
- Accepts lateral records or protrusive records
- Whipmix
- Can be Arcon or Non-Arcon
What are 4 techniques you can record CR clinically?
- Chin Point Guidance
- Bimanual Manipulation
- Leaf Gauge
- Lucia Jig
What are 2 material considerations for RBFDP?
- Base metal allows: Sand Blasted
- High noble alloys: Tin Plating
Can a Hanau Articulator except lateral bite registrations?
No!
For the facebow record, what is traditionally the anatomic reference?
What are they for the Whip-Mix and the Hanau?
Transverse horizontal axis
What does a smooth/rough prep have to do with adhesive cements?
- The effect of preparation roughness has not been definitely determined for adhesive cements
-
A resonable smooth preparation is therefore recommended
What are these prep designs getting ready for?
FBFDP
What type of records dos a Celenza Class 4a take?
Condylar paths are made by engravings made by patient
Functionally Generated Path...
What are some examples of Bis-Acryl provisional materials?
- Integrity
- Protemp
- Radica
What is the recommended axial wall heigh for incisors and premolars?
What is the recomended total occlusal convergence?
3.0 mm
10 - 20 °
How many points does each cusp contact on the opposing tooth?
3
When tx planning a distal extension, what is the tx of choice if the distal abutment is compromised?
- Implant Retained FDP
- Must have sufficient bone
- Know patient's occlusion
- Evaluate restorative space
- 1.5 - 2 mm between implant and tooth
- 3 mm between implants
What wasn't good about External Hex...
- 10-56% Loosening (Gold cylinder and screw)
- Better screw designs today
- Higher preloads
What are 4 chemicals that are NOT to be used in tissue management?
- Epinephrine
- Ferric Subsulfate (Monsel's solution)
- Zinc Chloride
- Negatol (creosol sulfonic acid and formaldehyde)
In Cusp/Fossa Occlusion, what provides Mesial/Distal Stability?
Closer stoppers and equilizers
Define Syneresis...
Gel filaments contract and squeeze out water
When tooth conditions and estehtics permit, finish lines should be located...
Supragingivally
Subgingival margins increase potential for periodonatl problems...
What are the 2 purposes of Closure Stoppers (Mesiodistal Stability)?
- STOPS CLOSURE OF MANDIBLE as it relates to the maxilla
- NEUTRALIZES forces exerted by equalizers
For an FDP, an endodontically treated tooth is ____ more likely to fail...
2x
What it is the minimum space required for a screw-retained implant crown?
- Implant top to occlusal surface: 6 - 7 mm
Can you name the first 4 uses of a Diagnostic Mounting?
- Simulation of mandibular movement
- Analysis of occlusal plane
- Critical analysis of occlusion and disocclusion
- Visualization of anatomy and restorations
What are the 4 principles of preparation according to Shilingburg?
- Preservation of Tooth (& Tissues) Structure
- Retention and Resistance
- Structural Durability
- Marginal Integrity
What does an Articulator imitate?
Physiologic motion by substituting mechanical equivalents for anatomical parts
For implants, what is the required mesiodistal space?
- "Rule of 7"
- Mesial to Distal
What can happen minerals in the tap water do to setting algiante?
Accelerates it
What do you need to keep in mind when treatment planning a Cantilever?
- Lengthy root and favorable configuration
- Long clinical crown for good retention/resistance form
- Good crown:root ratio
- Healthy periodontium
When programing an articulator, would you use lateral AND protrusive records?
- Lateral OR protrusive records
- Protrusive record more shallow
- Can also use (match up) wear facets to program articulator
What are 2 Articulation Philosophies?
- Panky-Mann -Schuyler
- Gnathology
What happens when you leave the cast too long attached to alginate?
Degrades cast surface
What is Centric Occlusion?
OCCLUSION of opposing teeth with mandible IN CENTRIC RELATION may or may not coincide with MIP
Define Latero-Retrusion...
Lateral and backward movement of the condyle on the working side
Define Retention?
That which prevents removal of a restoration along its path of placement or long axis of the tooth preparation
Is there such thing as a perfect articulator?
No!
How do you choose the right articulator?
- Based on:
- Complexity of the restoration
- Complexity of mandibular movement
- Complexity of occlusal scheme
- Choose the articulator that fits the job
When programming the articualtor, which record is "Safer" to use...
Protrusive Record
What 5 factors contribute to RDP success?
- Proper survey & design
- Adequate abutments
- Broad Stress Distribution
- Well adapted bases
- Altered Cast Impression
What are 5 methods for tissue managment?
- Mechanical methods
- Rotary gingival currettage
- Mechanicocheical methods
- Electrosurgical
- Diode Laser
What is Hemodent?
Aluminum Chloride
Is connecting implants to natural teeth a good idea?
- All methods report intrusion of natural teeth
- Consensus: this restoration type should be avoided
- Recommendations: use two implants in edentuous space
What is Astringident?
Ferric Sulfate
What is an example of a Celenza's Class 2 Articulator?
Galetti
Allows some vertical and horizontal
What types of records does a Celenza Class 4b take?
Condylar paths can be angled, or customized.
Usually acceps a pantograph (3 dimensional dynamic registration or tracings)
What is anterior guidance?
What is the equation for the Law of Beams?
Flex is related to cube of pontic length
Can you name 6 uses of Diagnostic Casts?
- Diagnosis and treatment planning
- Diagnostic waxing
- Provisional matrix fabrication
- Survey and design
- Radiographic guides and surgical templates
- Design and fabricate custom trays
If the length of the edentulous space is short/medium, what are you thinking?
- Short: Implants/Fixed
- Medium: Implants/Fixed
What are some considerations regarding shade selection?
- Surface texture
- Background: lip stick, make-up
- Reflective qualities: Translucency, opacity, craze lines
- Metamerism
- Light Source: 5500K
What is an ear-bow?
- An arbitrary facebow
- Based on an average anatomic distance between external auditory meatus and the transverse horitzontal axis of the mandible
What is an Articulator?
A mechanical instrument that represents the (1) temporomandibular joints and(2) jaws, to which (3)maxillary and mandibular casts may be attached to SIMULATE SOME OR ALL MANDIBULAR MOVEMENTS
Why would you not want to use Zinc chloride in managing soft tissue?
Causes tissue damage
What occlusal scheme is this?
- Mutually Protected Articulation
- Posterior teeth prevent excessive anterior contacts in MIP
- Anterior teeth disengage posterior teeth in all eccentric movements
- This can only happen if CO = MIP, not completely true if MIP does not = CO
What are 3 treatment options for Complete Edentulism?
- Conventional Complete Dentures
- Overdentures
- Fixed-Detachable (Hybrid)
What records do you use to mount the mandibular cast?
Centric relation interocclusal records
Crown-Root Ratio is a consderation for what 3 treatment choices?
- Fixed
- Removable
- Implants
Without anterior guidance in a case, it is difficult to avoid what?
What may be indicated?
Eccentric Interferences
High adjustable articulator may be indicated
Why would you not want to use Ferric Subsulfate (Monsel's solution) for tissue management?
Causes tissue damage
What is this picture illustrating?
What occlusal scheme are they aiming for?
Functionally Generated Path
Group Function
What are 5 features of successful Cast Post and Cores?
- Adequate Legnth and Strength of Post
- Adequate Apical Seal
- Anti-Rotation Feature
- Vertical Stop
- FERRULE (Very difficult to achieve)
How many mm do you want for implant emergence profile?
- 3 mm
- Gingival bulk
- Hide implant and abutment connection
- Room for metal/porcelain labial to screw channel
What technique do you want to use when removing alginate?
Snap removal of tray
What are some notable properties of PEMA?
- Lower polymerization temp
- Lower shrinkage
- Preferred for direct technique
- Not as durable or color stable
What are 3 indications for a Non-Rigid Connector?
- Mesially inclined abutment (> 24 degrees, Tylman) (< 30 degrees, Shilingburg)
- Divergent abutments
- Pier Abutments
What are 4 indications for placing a margin subgingivally?
- Caries
- Inherited Subgingival Margin
- Short Clinical Crown
- Esthetics (anterior)
- Root sensitivity? (According to Preston)
How does condylar inclination effect design of occlusal morphology?
- Steeper the inclination, steeper the cusps MAY be (created)
How many pounds of force are generated from an RDP, FDP, and Natural Teeth?
- RDP: 26 lb
- FDP: 54.5 lb
- Natural Teeth: 150 lb
Describe the soft tissue contact in an Implant Retained Fixed Complete Denture (Hybrid)...
No soft tissue contact of minimal tissue contact
Are Celenza Classes 4a and 4b Semi or Fully adjustable articulators?
Fully Adjustable
What are 4 objectives of Ideal Occlusion/Equilibration?
- Develop occlusion that reduces horizontal forces
- Provide for maximum intercuspation of the teeth with the condyles in centric relation
- Condition the neuromuscular system - occlusal device
- Replace adaptive arc of closrue with "skeletal" arc of closure
- Do not alter OVD when equilibrating
- Provide for comfortable anterior disclusive angle
What are 4 special considerations for an FDP from #7-10?
- Arch Curvature
- Cantilever Length
- Residual Ridge (Pontic Site Development)
- Canine Stability
What must happen from a periodontal standoint before considering Fixed/Removable/Implants?
- Must control disease
- Implants are shown to be successful in patients whose periodontal disease has been controlled
Define Latero-Protrusion...
A protrusvie movement of the mandibular condyle in which there is a lateral component
What are some indications for a Resin Bonded Fixed Dental Prosthesis?
- Man/max incisor or single posterior replacement
- Non-restored/minimally restored abutments
- Periodontal splint/"buy time"
- Large pulp chambers
- Unhealed ridges
- Orthodontic retainer
- Pre-implant for adolescent
Surface roughness on a crown prep generally increases retention with what type of cement?
Zinc phosphate
Describe the Pankey Mann Schuyler Treatment Goals...
- MIP = CO
- Protrusive balance with posteriors
- GROUP FUNCTION on working side (functionally generated path)
- No non-working (balancing) contacts
- Allows for LONG CENTRIC slide 0.1 - 0.5 mm (Freedom in Centric)
* The above statements are historical in nature and are not being taught by the Pankey Institute today
What occlusal scheme is this?
- Group Function Articulation
- Simultaneous contacts of several teeth acts as a group to distribute occlusal forces
In order to program the articulator you add ___________ and ___________
Condylar Inclination + Bennet Angle
Used to program the condylar elements of the articulator
What % of patients exhibit surtrusion or retrusion that the articulator cannot accept?
20%
If you have a high caries index and oral hygiene limitations, what is the only option?
Removable
What are some characteristics of a Screw Retained Implant Crown?
- Retrievable
- Hole in occlusal surface
- Demand precise implant placement
- Very difficult positioning in anterior
- Poor esthetics if access in esthetic zone
Define CR...
The maxillo-mandibuular relationsip in which the condyles articulate with the thinnest avascular portion of their respecive disks with the complex in the anterior-superior position against the slopes of the articular eminencies. This position is INDEPENDENT of tooth contact.
How do you decrease tearing of alginate?
Increase rate of removal
For FDP's what is the % likelihood of an abutment needing endodontic treatment?
3-23%
What are some design principles of a RBFDP?
- Utilize Guide Planes/Proximal Grooves
- Maximize Bonding Area
- Resistance Form (Proximal Wrap/Grooves)
- Occlusal/Cingulum Rest
- Supragingival Margins
- Occlusal Clearance
How do you use rotary gingival currettage in regards to tissue management?
Use of rotary diamonds to enlarge the sulcus
What is a Face-bow transfer record used for?
Mount maxillary cast
What is hue?
Name of the color
What are some notable properties of Bisacryl (bis-GMA)?
- Low polymerization temp
- Low shrinkage
- Can be repaired/added
- Brittleness
- for single units
What is this picture illustrating?
Custom 3rd point of Reference
Can you name the last 4 uses of a Diagnositc Mounting?
5. Abutment length and angulation
6. Diagnostic Preparations
7. Analysis of available restorative space
8. Analysis of edentulous areas
What is an example of a PEMA provional material?
SNAP
What are 3 applications to utilize a Functionally Generated Path?
- Complete Dentures
- Complete Denture over natural teeth
- Fixed Pros: Group Function
What are some imporant cementation principles when cementing a RBFDP?
- Moisture control
- Pumice teeth
- Etch enamel
- Appropriate luting agent
- Re-etch framework after try-in
What are the 2 primary determinants of retention?
- Total Occlusal Convergence (Taper)
- Prep height
How are mechanicochemical methods used to manage tissue?
Use of retraction cords containing various chemicals
Describe the "A" contact...
Shearing cusps of maxillary teeth occlude with stamp cusps of mandibular teeth (buccal cusps)
What is the limiting factor in not allows a crown to seat when discussing bevels?
The film thickness of cement limits closure of marginal gap
What are the locations of Equalizers?
- Mesial incline of maxillary posterior teeth
- Distal inclines of mandibualr posterior teeth
- Should be more on slope of elevations, but can be on the summit
Is Ante's Law hard and fast or a guideline?
Guideline Only...
If the Edentulous Span is long, what are you thinking?
Removable
For removable, what is the optimum crown-root ratio? what is the minimum?
- Optimum 2:3
- Minimal 1:1
Define Articulation...
The STATIC AND DYNAMIC CONTACT RELATIONSHIP between the occlusal/incisal surfaces of the teeth during function
What are 5 requirements for a successful Diagnostic Mounting?
- Accurate diagnostic casts
- Semi-adjustable articulator
- Face-bow transfer record
- Centric relation interocclusal records
- Program articulator
What are 3 examples of Minimal Contact pontics?
- Modified Saddle
- Modified Ridge Lap
- Conica, bullet, spheroidal
Define Latero-Surtrusion...
Lateral and upward movement of the condyle on the working side
What are some benefits of splinting together an Implant Retained FDP?
- Eases Fabrication
- Stronger System
- Must achieve passive fit
What is chroma?
Intensity/strength of the hue
For required restorative space, what is the minimum space required for soft tissue ridge to occlusal surface?
What about implant top to occlusal surface?
- Soft tissue ridge to occlusal surface: 5.0 to 6.0 mm
- Implant top to occlusal surface: 7.0 to 9.0
What 3 things degrade casts?
- Saliva
- Blood
- Syneresis
Total Occlusal Convegence should be between _____ and _____
- As low as 10° for anterior teeth
- As high as 22° on molars
What are 5 keys to implant success?
- Bone quality/quantity
- Implant position
- Adequate space
- Controlled occlusal forces
- Accurate prosthesis fit
In overdentures, how much bone loss occurs in a year?
0.4 mm/year in mandible
4x greater in mandible
Regarding A, B, and C contacts, what combination provides stability?
- A + B contacts = stability
- C + B contacts = stability
- A + B + C contact = stability
If you have a high water : poweder ratio, how does this affect the strength of alginate?
Decreases strength
When you have extensive bone loss in the anterior, what is the risk when placing implants?
Esthetics may be compromised
What are 3 benefits of tx planning RDP, what is one big negative?
- Minimal tooth preparation/recontouring
- Correct large ridge defects
- Proven cost effective treatment
- Endodontically treated abutments 4X more likely to fail!
In Cusp/Fossa Occlusion, what provides Buccal/lingual stability?
A, B, & C contacts
To minimize error in Face-bow records, what can you do?
- Avoid arc of rotation errors
- Avoid excessively thick interocclusal records
- Make closed interocclusal reocrds whenever possible
What are some notable properties of PMMA?
- Best physical properties
- High polymerization temp
- High volumetric change
- Monomer irritating to pulp and gingiva
What are 3 possible solution for a Tipped Molar Abutment when trying to plan for an FDP?
- Ortho/Uprighting
- Mesial 1/2 Crown Retainer
- Non-Rigid Connector
How do you verify your mounting?
- Multiple records stable and condyles seated (2 of 3)
- Classic method
- Intraoral verification of closure in dentate patient
- First point of contact intraorally matches first point of contact on articulated casts
- Articulated casts slide into maximum intercuspation from CR contact
- Other methods: Vericheck, split cast mounting
When tx planning a Distal Extension, what is the most conventional treatment?
RDP
Especially if implants are not indicated
Why use CR?
- Avoid eccentric interferences
- Decreased trauma from occlusion (wear, cusp fractures)
- Class 3 lever: anterior disocclusion in front of muscles leads to less force generated
- Stability of occlusion
- Interruption of potentially destructive forces in the joint
- Repeatable position
Why would you not want to use Epinephrine for chemical tissue management?
- Potential for systemic side effects
- A 1 inch cord saturated with epinephrine contains 0.5 - 1.0 mg of epinephrine available for systemic absorption
What is the location of Closure Stoppers?
- Distal inclines of maxillary posterior teeth
- Mesial inclines of mandibualar posterior teeth
- Close to summit of elevations,or protrusive excursions will abrade them
What are examples of the 3rd Point of Reference for a Facebow?
- Nasion
- Infraorbital Rim
- CUSTOM
- Different 3rd point requires new eccentric records*
What % of complete dentures are unstable?
50%
Are the Hanau and Whipmix articulators fully or semi-adjustable?
Semi Adjustable
What is the conventional tx option for complete edentulism?
- Conventional Complete Dentures
- Patient declines implants
- Good ridge anatomy (Retension & Resistance)
When should you bevel?
- Metal restorations
- Tapered wax edge is more readily adapted to a die than a butt joint
- Gold margin can be burnished to slightly improve adaptation after casting
What is included in the Mechanical method of tissue management?
- Plain retraction cord
- Copper band with compound
What are 2 examples of No Contact pontics?
- Sanitary (3 mm off ridge)
- Perel (Modified Sanitary)
What must you use when using a Diode Laser for tissue management?
- Appropriate eyewear
- Special training required
If you preseve line angles, like facioproximal and linguoproximal corners, they help sustain circumferential morphology which enhances ____
Resistance
What cusps are Stamp Cusps?
- Maxillary Lingual Cusps
- Mandibular Buccal Cusps
What is a facebow?
- Caliper-like instrument
- Used to record spatial relationship of the maxillary arch to some anatomic reference point
- Then transfer this relationship to an articulator
Describe Gnathology Articulation Philosophy...
- MIP = CO
- MUTUALLY PROTECTED OCCLUSION AND ARTICULATION
- Reduced lateral stresses
- Comfortable anterior disclusive angle
- Teeth stabilized by tripoding of occlusal contacts (no "freedom in centric"
- Correct tooth positions
- Adequate spillways
- Reduced muscle tension as a result of correct vertical dimension and adherence to principles of articulation
What is this occlusal scheme and what is an indication to use it?
- Balanced Articulation
- Simultaneous cross-arch and cross-tooth contact in MIP and eccentric movements
- Indications: Dentures
What kind of records does a Celenza Classificaiton of 3a take?
What is an example?
- Accepts static protrusive records and uses equivalents for remaining parameters
- Hanau
- Can be Arcon or Non-Arcon
In CR, what movment is the condyle restricted to?
Purely rotary movement about the transverse horizontal axis
What is this picture an example of?
Esthetic Mounting: Mounted Cast Orientation that Reproduces Patient's Orientation
For fixed, what is the optimum/minimal crown-root ratio?
- Optimum 2:3
- Minimal 1:1
For an Imlant Overdenture, how many implants would you like? What about the A-P spread?
- Minimal A-P spread
- Less than 4 implants
What angle should the implant be slightly placed in?
Palatal
If you have extensive bone loss in the anterior between canines, what are your restorative options?
RDP and FDP
Without significant bone grafting...
What are some examples of PMMA provisional materials?
- Alike
- Duralay
- Jet
Regarding a crown prep, what can enhance the fit of a restoration?
Smooth tooth preparation
What are some contraindications for a FBFDP?
- Extensive caries
- Nickel sensitivity
- Excessive vertical overlap
- Bruxism
- Tooth mobility
- Long span
When discussing Fixed vs. Removable vs. Implants, what are 9 factors that should influence your selection?
- Length of Edentulous Span
- Distal Extension
- Complete Edentulism
- Periodontal Health
- Radiographic Crown: Root Ratio
- Extensive Bone Loss of Residual Ridge
- Shortened Life Span Expectancy
- Caries Index/Oral Hygiene Limitations
- Patient Desires/Economic Considerations
What is an example of a Prefabricated provisional?
Polycarbonate Crown
If you have a tear in alginate, where is this likely to happen?
Thin section
What are some concernes when replacing a canine when considering a RDP, Implant, or FDP?
- FDP (not in deep bite, control forces, shared disocclusion)
- Avoid splinting multiple abutments
- Maxillary canine has a buccal disocclusion force placing severe bending movement
Define Resistance...
That which prevents dislodgment of the restoration by forces directed in an apical or oblique direction and prevents any movement of the restoration under occlusal forces
What is an example of a Class I Celenza's Articulator?
- Non adjustable
- Capable of adjusting a single static registration
- Vertical movement is possible
- Does not allow adjustment to replicate mandibular movement
Regarding alginate, what 2 things contribute to less deformation?
- Less compression (undercut)
- Less TIME compressed
What is something you can do to "round teeth" to enhance resistance form...
grooves/boxes
How much space do you need inbetween implant/tooth, implant/implant?
- 1.5 - 2 mm between implant and tooth
- 3 mm between implants
Describe the "B" contact...
Stamp cusps of maxillary teeth occludewith stamp cusps of mandibular teeth
What are the 4 indications for tooth replacement?
- Esthetics
- Phonetics
- Function
- Occlusal Stability
Regarding the first principle of preparation according to Shilingburg, why is it important to conserve tooth structure, especially dentin?
- Avoid getting too close to pulp
- Temperature/age accumulates
- Endo 3-23% need endo
Define Latero-Detrusion...
Lateral and downward movement of the condyle on the working side
75% of the population are within how many mm of the true hinge axis?
6 mm
Why would you not want to use Negatol (creosol sulfonic acid and formaldehyde) in tissue management?
Causes tissue damage
When doing an Esthetic Face Bow orientation, how do you prevent "The Roll"?
If the ear canals are not parallel to the esthetic plane...the mounted casts will not be properly oriented
What is the recommended mesurement of algiante/distilled water when mixing?
30 gm Alginate/65-70cc Distilled Water
A Total Occlusal Convergence of ______ degrees has been proposed as being clinically achievable and still providing adequate retention
16
How long does it take alginate to set?
2-3 minutes
What happens when you leave free water on stone?
- Dilutes stone
- Leaves it soft
- Chalky
What are 3 examples of Full Contact pontics...
- Saddle
- Ridge Lap
- Ovate
What are 4 clinical requirments when using alginate after it has been removed from the mouth?
- RINSE WELL with cold water
- REMOVE FREE WATER before pouring
- Pour within 12 minutes
- Retrive cast in resonable time
When you have extensive bone loss in the anterior, why is an RDP a good choice?
- Predictable
- Cost-effective
- Diagnostic
- Esthetic
Describe the "C" contact...
Stamp cusps of maxillary teeth occlude with shearing cusps of mandibular teeth (lingual cusps)
When considering a FDP, what is your limit pontic wise for the Posterior and Incisors?
- Posterior: 2 or fewer
- Incisors: 4 or fewer
What are some indications for a Rotational Path RDP from #7-10?
- Long anterior cantilever/rounded arch
- Resorbed ridge
- Canines compromised
Which cusps are Shearing Cusps?
- Maxillary Buccal Cusps
- Mandibular Lingual Cusps
Compared to complete dentures, overdentures have ____ less bone loss than conventional dentures...
8x
What are 2 purposes of Equalizers (Mesiodistal Stability)?
- Equalizes forces exerted by closure stoppers providing mesial-distal stability
- To assure bucco-lingual stability
What is the survival rate of an Implant Retained FDP after 10 years?
What is not a risk of this that is the main risk for failure in FDPs with natural teeth?
- 90% survival after 10 years
- No Caries!
What is Ante's Law?
The root surface area of the abutment teeth should equal that or surpass that of the teeth being replaced with pontics
What is MIP?
Maximum Intercuspal Position - COMPLETE INTERCUSPATION of opposing teeth independent of condylar position
What are some function of provisional restorations?
- Prevents sensitivity
- Esthetics
- Diagnosis (esthetics/occlusion)
- Establishes/stabilizes occlusion
- Replaces missing teeth
- Facilitates endodontics
- Aids Periodontal surgery
- Protects post-surgery periodontium
- Protects and splints mobile teeth
Whip Mix Articulator accepts what % of lateral records?
80%
Define Occlusion...
STATIC CONTACT RELATIONSHIP between the occlusal-incisal surfaces of opposing teeth
With Overdentures, the chewing efficiency is ______ of natural teeth..
1/6
What is the minimum occlusocervical dimension of molars?
What should the taper be?
4 mm
10 - 20° of total occlusal convergence
What is the recommended measurement of bulk between the tray and teeth?
5 - 7 mm
What are some characteristics of Group Function Articulation?
- Unilateral shared posterior guidance
- Forces shared/distributed among many teeth
- NO non-working interferences in eccentric movements
Buccolingual stability occurs with what contacts...
B + A or C
What are Hinge Axis and Terminal Hinge Axis?
How long can you leave an alginate before it starts to distort?
12 minutes
For a Fixed Detachable Hybrid, what is the equation for a Cantilever?
- 1.5 to 2 x A-P spread
