ABX

Question 1

Cephalosporins: gen 1

Ancef/Kefzol other name

Answer 1

cefazolin

Question 2

this abx does not penetrate BBB

most gram + (staph/streptococcus)

used for: cellulitis, abscesses, URI, UTI

Answer 2

cefazolin

Question 3

Generation 2 cephalosporins: (3)

Answer 3

Cefuroxime

Cefoxitin

Cefotetan

Question 4

other name for cefuroxime

Answer 4

ceftin/zinacef

Question 5

This cephalosporin is better gram - coverage

used for H-influenza pneumonia, UTI, otitis media

Answer 5

Cefuroxime

Question 6

other name for cefoxitin

Answer 6

mefoxin

Question 7

other name for cefotetan

Answer 7

cefotan

Question 8

Name generation 3 cephalosporins

Answer 8

Cefotaxime

ceftriaxone

ceftazidime

Question 9

other name for cefotaxime

Answer 9

Claforan

Question 10

This cephalosporin has some cross BBB, better gram - coverage then gen. 2

treats resistant meningitis

Answer 10

Cefotaxime (claforan)

Question 11

other name for ceftriaxone

Answer 11

Rocephin

Question 12

this abx is used to tx gonorrhea

Answer 12

rocephin (cefriaxone)

Question 13

other name for ceftazidime

Answer 13

Fortaz

Question 14

Fourth Generation Cephalosporin

Answer 14

Cefepime

Question 15

Other name for cefepime

Answer 15

maxipime

Question 16

This 4th generation cephalosporin is most resistant to hydrolysis by lactamases

usually reserved for multi-resistant organism and penetrates the BBB well

Answer 16

cefepime

Question 17

Adverse reactions with this abx class

Hypersensitivity: uncommon

-Rashes, fever, nephritis, anaphylaxis
-Potential production deficit of Vitamin K
-Common cause of colitis (3rd generation)

Answer 17

cephalosporins

Question 18

For true anaphylaxis of cephalosporins use ____ & ____ instead

Answer 18

vancomycin and clindamycin

Question 19

this abx is good activity against gram - rods (P aeruginosa and enterobacter)

Answer 19

Carbapenem

Question 20

this abx can inhibit the beta-lactamase enzyme

possess the broadest spectrum of activity

Most penetrate BBB

Answer 20

Carbapenem

Question 21

This abx can cause rashes, N/V, diarrha, Injection site reaction so it will include lidocaine in IM formulation

Answer 21

carbapenem

Question 22

If a patient is on valproic acid (depakote), you should not administer what antibiotic dt it decreasing concentration up to 90%

Answer 22

carbapenem

Question 23

This abx is too large to penetrate gram - walls but is active against gram + bacteria

Answer 23

Vancomycin

Question 24

this abx only works if the bacteria is actively diving

Answer 24

vancomycin

Question 25

this abx is most valuable against blood stream infection and endocarditis caused by MRSA

Answer 25

Vancomycin

Question 26

this abx can cause: -phlebitis at the injection site -chills, fever -nephrotoxicity -"red man" syndrome

Answer 26

Vanc

Question 27

This abx class inhibits ribosomal proteins and causes mRNA to misread

Answer 27

aminoglycosides

Question 28

this abx class is used as a synergistic effect with beta-lactams and vancomycin

Answer 28

aminoglycosides

Question 29

aminoglycosides are especially useful in ______ endocarditis

Answer 29

enterococcal endocarditis

Question 30

what is an example of aminoglycosides

Answer 30

Gentamycin

Question 31

Aminoglycosides can cause ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity. What are the factors that increase the likelihood of nephrotoxicity? (5)

Answer 31

- elderly -For more than 5 days -In renal insufficiency -With higher doses -Concurrent with loop diuretics

Question 32

this abx class can have a curare-like affect

Answer 32

aminoglycosides

Question 33

this drug class inhibits DNA protein synthesis

Answer 33

Fluoroquinolone

Question 34

This Abx class is excellent with gram - organisms: UTI, bacterial diarrhea, bone/joint infection

Answer 34

Fluoroquinolone

Question 35

two examples of fluoroquinolones

Answer 35

ciprofloxacin (cipro) levofloxacin (Levaquin)

Question 36

This abx class includes these adverse reactions -N/V/D -Prolongation of QT interval -Cartilage damage/tendon rupture

Answer 36

fluoroquinolone

Question 37

The risk of cartilage damage/tendon rupture while taking fluoroquinolone is increased with 3 things:

Answer 37

-renal insufficiency -concurrent steroid use -advance age

Question 38

this abx class are antiprotozoal/anaerobic antibacterial indicated for: intra-abdominal infections, vaginitis, & c-diff

Answer 38

metronidazole

Question 39

this abx class forms toxic byproducts that cause unstable DNA molecules

Answer 39

metronidazole

Question 40

Adverse reactions for ______ -nausea, peripheral neuropathy (prolonged use), disulfiram-like effect

Answer 40

metronidazole