AC 1.1 Flashcards
(22 cards)
What is meant by ‘values’?
General guidelines for how we should live and behave - they inform us of right and wrong.
What is an example of a value?
Respect for others
What is meant by ‘norms’?
Socially accepted standards that govern our behaviour
What is an example of a norm?
Greeting new people you meet
What is meant by ‘moral code’?
Basic values/principles held by an individual, group, organisation or society as a whole.
What is an example of moral code?
Police Code of Ethics.
What is the Men’s rea?
The guilty mind (intention to commit)
What is the Actus reus?
The guilty act (physical act)
What are some exceptions of crime?
Strict liability - if the wrongful act alone is not enough for conviction (unintentional crime).
Self Defence - if reasonable force was used you may not be convicted
What is a crime?
Any action forbidden by criminal law
What is deviance?
Behaviour that is unusual, uncommon or out of the ordinary.
What are informal sanctions?
Imposed by society (their reactions)
Apply for mainly deviance but also crimes - official/unofficial rules.
What are some examples of informal sanctions?
Shame/embarrassment, social disapproval and refusing to speak to the offender
What are formal sanctions?
Imposed by official institutions (courts, police), punishment for crimes.
What are some examples of formal sanctions?
Custodial sentences, community sentences and cautions/discharges.
What are summary offences?
Less serious offences usually tried in a Magistrates’ court and don’t require jury trial. Usually used for crimes that aren’t deviant, e.g. minor speeding and petty theft.
What are indictable offences?
Serious offences where penalties are a lot greater. Require jury trial and/or an indictment. Used for deviant crimes, e.g murder.
What are some examples of crimes?
Murder, theft, assault
What are some examples of deviance?
Lying, being late to work and screaming in public.
What are some examples of criminal and deviant acts?
Indecent exposure, domestic abuse and drug trafficking
What are some examples of criminal acts that are not deviant?
Piracy, minor speeding, littering and small possession of soft drugs
What are some other implications of crime?
Job exclusions, banned from countries, violent and sex offenders register
