AC3.3 - Limitations of Agencies in Achieving Social Control Flashcards
Why is ‘recidivism’ a limitation for prisons?
Overcrowding:
* Increase in population means that the ratio between prisoners and staff is higher
* Limits the ability of staff to able other social control matters
Learnt criminality:
* Social learning theory - learn criminality throught observation and imitation
* Explains reoffending - already been to prison with other criminals who they will learn from
Why is ‘access to resources’ a limitation for prisons?
Riots
* HMP Birmingham:
- 12 hour riot over 4 wings
- Prisoners live in inhumane conditions - lack of resourceed led to poor environments
Limited rehabilitation
* Many prisoners have low levels of literacy & numeracy
- 51% are to have literacy skills of an 11-year-old
* Lack of educational resources would limit person ability to rehabilitate
Why is ‘finance’ a limitation to prisons?
Rise in mental health problems
* The prison officer’s association warned that inmates with mental health issues are in extra danger without a boost in resources
Rise in prison riots
* August 2016 - riot squad was sent to HMP The Mount twice in 24 hours
* Staff shortages & extended lock-down were reported to have left the prison as a ‘disaster waiting to happen’
* Daily telegraph 2017 - prisoners armed with weapons seized control of Nash wing
Why is ‘local and national policies’ a limitation of prisons?
Knife crime
* From 2010 to 2015 a new policy was promoted to tackle knife, gun and gang crimes
- introduced new offences (gang injuctions)
* Dedicated £1.2 billions to support workers in this area
* Could leead to police focussing more on certain types of crime than others
Why are ‘finances’ a limitation of charities?
Reliance on public funding
- If they do not receive public donations they are unable to function
Reliance on government grants
- any grants that the organisations are able to claim are also being reduced
Why is ‘environment’ a limitation of charities?
Postcode lottery
- Some areas will not receive the charities’ help due to it only being available to certain locations therefore offenders will be unable to use the services which could lead to reoffending
Lack of publicity
- due to only being available in certan areas others may not know about it therefore, further effecting funding.
Why is ‘recidivism’ a limitation for charities?
Case loads
- 78% experienced increased stress levels and 77% of respondents were worried about their mental health due to the pressure they’re under.
- Increased reoffending rates could cause more work for certain charities
Why is ‘recidivism’ a limitation for probation?
Service strain
- Increase in population also means increased releases, puts a strain on services trying to support offenders
Lack of resources
- 25% have a job to go to on release and 1 in 9 have no accomodation
Why is ‘access to resources’ a limitation of probation?
Lack of resources
- offenders only receive a £46 discharge grant on their release
Reoffending
- Only 25% have a job to go to, 1 in 9 dont have accommodation - lead to reoffending
Why are ‘civil liberties/legal barriers’ a limitation of the police?
Protest powers
- have limited powers to stop protestors causing wide scale disruption
- Stop Oil
Why are ‘finances’ a limitation of the police?
Less police
- less money to hire and train officers.
- HMIC issued a warning that a shortage of detectives and invertigators amounts to a ‘national crisis’
Speed of Cases
- crimes may be investigated too quickly or too long
Why are ‘local/national policies a limitation of the police?
Knife crime
- 2010-15, policy to tackle knife, gun and gang crime.
- Introduced new offences to help improve prosecution rates and dedicated £1.2 million to fund support
