Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Assessment 2019 > ACA Midterm > Flashcards

ACA Midterm Flashcards

1
Q

Apnea

A

absence of spontaneous respirations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Asthma

A

aka reactive airway disease; small airway obstruction due to inflammation and hyperreactive airways

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Atelectasis

A

Incomplete expansion of the lung at birth or collapse of the lung at any age

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Bronchiectasis

A

chronic dilation of the bronchi or bronchioles caused by repeated pulmonary infections and/or bronchial obstructions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Bronchitis

A

inflammation of the large airways

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Bronchophony

A

greater clarity and increased loudness of spoken word

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Bronchovesicular breath sounds

A

typically moderate in intensity; heard over major bronchi

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Cheyne-Stokes respirations

A

intervals of apnea followed by crescendo/descendo sequence of breathing; often assoc w dying

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Chronic bronchitis

A

large airway inflammation that is usually a result of chronic irritation exposure; more commonly a problem for pt older than 40 y

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases (COPD)

A

nonspecific diagnosis that includes chronic bronchitis and emphysema

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Cor pulmonale

A

an acute or chronic condition involving right-sided heart failure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Cough

A

a sudden spasmodic expiration forcing a sudden opening of the glottis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Crackles

A

“abnormal lung sounds, more often heard on inspiration; characterized by discrete& discontinuous sounds; also called rales late inspiratory crackles –interstitial lung disease (ie pulm fibrosis) Early insp –"”coarse””; sometimes assoc w expiratory crackles–can be from chronic bronchitis and asthma Midinsp and expiratory –heard in bronchiectasis, but not exclusively

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Croup

A

a syndrome that generally results from infection with a variety of viral agents, particularly the parainfluenza viruses; occurs most often in children between 1.5-3 years

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Cystic fibrosis

A

autosomal recessive disorder of exocrine glands involving the lungs, pancrea, and sweat glands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Diaphragmatic hernia

A

an abnormal opening in the diaphram

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Egophony

A

“increased intensity of spoken sound with accompanying nasal quality; ““ee”” to ““A”” sound–seen in lobar consolidation from pneumonia”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Emphysema

A

disease in which the lungs lose elasticity and the alveoli enlarge in a way that disrupts function

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Empyema

A

collection of purulent exudative fluid in the pleural space

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Epiglottitis

A

acute life-threatening infection involving the epiglottis and surrounding tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Friction rub

A

dry, crankly, grating, low-pitched sound that occurs outside the respiratory tree

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Hamman sign

A

mediastinal crunch; consists of a variety of sounds, including loud crackles and clinking or gurgling sounds; associated with mediastinal emphysema (pneumomediastinum)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Hemothorax

A

presence of blood in pleural cavity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Influenza

A

a viral infection of the lung

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Kussmaul breathing
deep and usually rapid respirations; associate with metabolic acidosis
26
Lung abscess
a well-defined circumscribed mass defined by inflammation, suppuration, and subsequent central necrosis
27
Pectoriloquy
a whisper that can be clearly heard through the stethoscope; associated with consolidation of lungs
28
Pleural effusion
presence of excessive non-purulent fluid in the pleural space
29
Pleurisy
inflammation process involving the visceral and parietal pleura, which become edematous and fibrous
30
Pneumonia
inflammatory response of the bronchioles and alveoli to an infective agent, which can be bacterial, fungal, or viral
31
Pneumothorax
presence of air or gas in the pleural cavity
32
Pulmonary embolism
occlusion of the pulmonary arteries; relatively common condition that is very difficult to diagnose
33
Respiratory distress syndrome
a condition that develops in preterm infants as a result of surfactant deficiency
34
Rhonchi
sonorous wheezes; suggest secretions in the larger airways
35
Stridor
high-pitched piercing sound heard during inspiration; demands immediate attention d/t partial obstruction of larynx or trachea
36
Tracheomalacia
"a ""floppiness"" or lack of rigidity of the trachea or airway"
37
Tuberculosis
chronic infectious disease that most often begins in the lung but may have widespread systemic manifestations
38
Vesicular breath sounds
low-pitched, low-intensity sounds over healthy tissue
39
Vocal resonance
sound of the spoken word as transmitted through the lung fields; usually muffled and indistinct in quality
40
Wheeze
continuous, high-pitched musical sound; almost a whistle heard of inspiration and expiration -causes of wheezes throughout chest include asthma, chronic bronchitis, COPD, heart failure
41
Bulging fontanel
condition of the fontanel that may indicate increased intracranial pressure
42
Craniosynostosis
a condition that results from the premature closing of sutures before brain growth is complete; leads to mishapen skull
43
Chloasma
"facial discoloration common during pregnancy; ""mask of pregnancy"""
44
Encephalocele
a neural tube defect characterized by the protrusion of nervous system tissue through a defect in the skull
45
Facies
general appearance of the face, head, and neck that is characteristic of a specific condition
46
Graves Disease
an autoimmune disorder that leads to an overproduction of thyroid-stimulating hormone; characterized by exophthalamia (bulging eyes)
47
Hashimoto disease
an autoimmune condition characterized by the production of antibodies against the thyroid gland, usually leading to hypothyroidism
48
Hypothyroidism
underactivity of thyroid; more common
49
Hyperthyroidism
overactivity of the thyroid
50
Macewen
sign associated with increased intracranial pressure after fontanels are closed Percussion along the suture between the parietal and temporal bones. An unusually resonant sign indicates hydrocephalus and increases ICP
51
Mastoid fontanel
a third (abnormal) fontanel; common in Down Syndrome
52
Microcephaly
condition in which the circumference of the head is smaller than normal; associated w mental retardation
53
Molding
an abnormal shaping of the infant's head cause by the shifting and over-lapping of bones during vagina delivery
54
Myxedema
skin and tissue disorder usually caused by severe prolonged hypothyroidism; characterized by mucinous edema of face
55
Ossification
bone tissue formation; begins in sutures after brain growth is complete
56
Salivary gland tumor
growth or mass in any of the salivary glands, but most commonly occuring in the parotid gland
57
Sternocleidomastoid
referring to the area extending from upper sternum to the mastoid process
58
Thyroglossal duct cyst
a palpable cystic mass in the neck
59
Thyroid
largest endocrine gland
60
Tic
a spasmodic contraction of the face, head, or neck
61
Torticollis
a condition in which the nect is twisted (aka wry neck); often the result of birth trauma or intrauterine malposition; aquired torticollis may be caused by tumor, trauma, palsy of cranial nerve IV, muscle spasm, infection or drug ingestion
62
Transillumination
procedure used to evaluate suspected intracranial or increasing head circumference in infants
63
Webbing
excessive posterior cervial skin
64
Anisocoria
unequal pupillary size
65
Cataracts
opacity of the eye lens; most commonly resulting from the denaturation of lens protein caused by aging
66
Confrontation
test of estimating peripheral vision
67
Chorioretinal inflammation
inflammation process involving both the choroid and the retina; most common caused by laser therapy for diabetic retinopathy
68
Cornea
part of the eye that is optically clear, has rich sensory innervation, and is avascular
69
Corneal ulcer
a disruption of the corneal epithelium and stroma; associated with connective tissue disease
70
Diabetic retinopath (background)
Condition characterized by dot hermorrhages or microaneurysms and the presence of hard and soft exudates
71
Diabetic retinopathy (proliferative)
condition characterized by development of new vessels as a result of anoxic stimulation; vessels grow out of the retina toward the vitreous humor
72
Ectropion
lower eyelid turned away from the eye
73
Entropion
eyelid turned inward
74
Episcleritis
inflammation of the superficial layers of the sclera anterior to the insertion of the rectus muscles
75
Exopthalmos
increase in the volume in the orbital content, causing protrusion of the globes forward; most common cause is Graves Disease
76
Glaucoma
disease of the optic nerve wherein the nerve cells die, producing a characteristic appearance of the optic nerve (increased cupping)
77
Hemanopia
defective vision in half of the visual field
78
Hordeolum
a sty caused by staphyoccal organism
79
Horner Syndrome
interruption of sympathetic nerve supply to the eye, resulting in the triad of ipsilateral miosis, mild pitosis, and loss of hemifacial sweating
80
Hypertelorism
eyes widely spaced apart
81
Lens
a biconvex, transparent structure located immediately behind the iris

Assessment 2019 (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions