Accommodative Dysfunction Flashcards
(25 cards)
It is also called as “accommodative inertia”
Accommodative Infacility
It can be caused by the use of cycloplegic drugs or by trauma
ocular or systemic disease, toxicity or poisoning.
Paralysis of Accommodation
A rare condition in which the accommodative system fails to
respond to any stimulus.
Paralysis of Accommodation
It is sometimes part of a triad known as spasm of near reflex (SNR).
Spasm of Accommodation
A patient often reports blurred distance vision immediately following sustained near work.
Accommodative Infacility
A condition in which the AA is normal, but fatigue occurs with repeated accommodative stimulation.
Ill-Sustained Accommodation
The AA is lower than the expected AA for the patient’s age
Accommodative Insufficiency
Not due to the sclerosis of the crystalline lens
Accommodative Insufficiency
Deficiencies in negative relative accommodation (NRA)
Convergence Insufficiency
Can be described as exophoria or exotropia at near
Convergence Insufficiency
Can be described as exophoria or exotropia at far
Convergence Excess
A patient has a deviation of similar magnitude at both distance and near
Basic Exophoria
Can be described as esophoria or esotropia at near greater
than the far deviation by at least 10 prism diopters (PD).
Convergence Excess
A patient with tonic esophoria
is high when measured at distance but less at near.
Divergence Insufficiency
Patients often have normal phorias and AC/A ratios but reduced fusional vergence amplitudes.
Fusional Vergence Dysfunction
Has different phorias in far and near.
Mixed Phoria
These patients demonstrate a hyperphoria in primary gaze that is initially
greatest during depression and adduction of the affected eye.
Vertical Heterophorias
If the difference between the distance and near esophoria is below 10 PD.
Basic Esophoria
A similar degree of esophoria at near and a normal AC/A ratio.
Basic Esophoria
Their zone of clear, single binocular vision (CSBV) is small.
Fusional Vergence Dysfunction
One of he most common causes of newly acquired vertical diplopia or
asthenopia with vertical deviation is longstanding, decompensated, fourth
nerve palsy, which results in superior oblique paresis.
Vertical Heterophorias
Can be described as esophoria or esotropia at near greater
than the far deviation by at least 10 prism diopters (PD).
Convergence Excess
This is an example of:
D 2 exo
N 2 exo
Basic Esophoria
Reduced positive fusional convergence (PFC)
Convergence Insufficiency
