Acid and Base imbalances

Question 1

PH arterial blood above 7.45

Answer 1

Alkalosis

Question 2

PH arterial blood below 7.35

Answer 2

Acidosis

Question 3

Cell death will occur if PH is higher than… or lower than…

Answer 3

• 7.7

- 6.8

Question 4

Two buffer systems that regulate PH homeostasis?

Answer 4

• Chemical

- Physiological

Question 5

What is the response time for a chemical buffer system?

Answer 5

-Immediate

Question 6

What are the 3 types of chemical buffer systems?

Answer 6

• Bicarbonate
• Protein
• Phosphate

Question 7

What are the two types of physiological buffer systems? and their response time?

Answer 7

• Respiratory= Minutes

- Renal = Hours

Question 8

How do chemical buffers work?

Answer 8

-Buffers react with a strong acid/ base and replace it with a weak one.

Question 9

How do the kidneys regulate homeostasis?

Answer 9

-By excreting or retaining both hydrogen and bicarbonate ions during the filtration process.

Question 10

What is the cause of respiratory acidosis?

Answer 10

-Hypoventilation

Question 11

What is the cause of respiratory alkalosis?

Answer 11

-Hyperventilation

Question 12

What are the causes of metabolic acidosis?

Answer 12

• Severe diarrhoea

- Renal disease

Question 13

What are the causes of metabolic alkalosis?

Answer 13

• Vomiting
• Some diuretics
• Overdose of antacids