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Chemistry 30 - CLS > Acid and Base - Quiz 1 > Flashcards

Acid and Base - Quiz 1 Flashcards

Chem 20 Theory, Conversions and Bronsted Lowry Definitions (58 cards)

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1
Q

whats H3O+

A

hydronium ion

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2
Q

whats a strong acids attraction for protons

A

weak

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3
Q

BL definition for a base

A

proton acceptor/species that accepts a proton in a chemical reaction

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4
Q

whats a strong bases attraction for protons

A

very strong

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5
Q

how to convert between [H3O+] and [OH-]

A

Kw = [H3O+][OH-]

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6
Q

does an acid donate or accept protons in a specific reaction

A

proton donor

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7
Q

how to convert from pOH to pH

A

14 - pOH

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8
Q

does a base donate or accept protons in a specific reaciton

A

proton acceptor

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9
Q

how to convert from [OH-] to pOH

A

-log[OH-]

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10
Q

whats the main differences between arrhenius theory and modified arrhenius theory

A
  • in arrhenius water is not a reactant whereas in modified arrhenius water is a reactant and reacts with either the acid or base
  • in arrhenius the acid dissociates to form H+ and a base dissociates to form OH- ; in modiffied arrhenius, the acid or base reacts with water and either donates or accepts a proton to form H3O+ (acid) or OH- (base)
  • in arrhenius, acidic properties come from H+ ; in modified arrhenius, acidic properties come from H30+
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11
Q

whats an electrolyte

A

anything that produces (+) and (-) charges in water

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12
Q

arrhenious theory for water self ionization

A

H2O <–> H+ + OH-

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13
Q

how to convert from pH to pOH

A

14 - pH

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14
Q

is amphiprotic empirical or theoretical

A

theoretical

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15
Q

whats a conjugate acid

A

whats formed from the original base in an acid-base reaction

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16
Q

modified arrhenious theory for water self ionization

A

2H2O <–> OH- + H3O+

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17
Q

how do you know something is an acid

A

it has H at the beginning

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18
Q

dissociation

A

the process of a compound breaking apart into its individual ions when its dissolved in a solvent

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19
Q

whats an amphiprotic entity

A

an entity (ion or molecule) that has the ability to either accept or donate a proton

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20
Q

whats an acid base reaction

A

one in which a proton is transferred from an acid to a base forming a new acid and a new based; reaction is at equilibrium

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21
Q

whats BL neutralization

A

competition for protons that results in a proton transfer from the strongest acid present to the strongest base present

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22
Q

whats an acid

A

a chemical species t5hat loses a proton in a chemical reaction

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23
Q

how many bases are in an acid-base reaction (and what are they)

A

2; the original base on the left and the base on the right created by removing a proton

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24
Q

how to convert from pH to [H3O+]

25
BL definition of an acid
proton donor/species that loses a proton in a chemical reaction
26
how to convert from pOH to [OH-]
antilog -pOH
27
formula for Kw
Kw = [H3O+(aq)][OH-(aq)]
28
what does Kw represent
ionization constant for water
29
whats a base
a chemical species that accepts a proton in a chemical reaction
30
how are weak acids and bases defined
as having less than 50% reaction, meaning it produces less than 50% of the initial concentration of acid molecules
31
how does a strong acid hold its protons
very weakly
32
whats a polyprotic substance
when it can donate multiple protons; when it has more then one acid or base component (OH or H)
33
how do you write modified arrhenius theory for a base
base + H20 --> OH- + positive ion
34
how to you write arrhenius theory for an acid
acid --> H+ + negative ion
35
how do you write arrhenius theory for a base
base --> OH- + positive ion
36
whats a molecular acid
any neutral acid that doesn't carry a charge and can donate protons (H+)
37
how do you write modified arrhenius theory for an acid
acid + H20 --> H30+ + negative ion
38
whats an amphoteric substance
a chemical substance with the ability to react as either an acid or a base
39
are acids electrolytes
yes
40
is amphoteric empirical or theoretical
empirical
41
how many acids are in an acid-base reaction (and what are they)
2; the original acid on the left and the acid on the right thats created by adding the proton
42
ionization
gain or loss of protons in acids
43
how much do weak acids or bases ionize
<50%
44
whats a BL equation
equation written to show an acid-base reaction involving the transfer of a proton from one entity (an acid) to another (a base)
45
how to convert from [H3O+] to pH
-log[H3O+]
46
whats a conjugate base
whats formed from the original acid in an acid-base reaction
47
whats a proton
H+
48
what happens to the strength of a conjugate base if the acid is strong
the stronger an acid, the weaker its conjugate base
49
whats an amphiprotic entity/amphoteric substance
something that acts as a BL acid in some reactions and as a BL base in other reactions
50
whats OH-
hydroxide ion
51
what does modified arrhenius theory state
an acid is a chemical that reacts with water to produce hydronium ions in the solution
52
how are strong acids or bases defined
defined as having almost 100% reaction
53
what are the 3 most common amphoteric substances
HSO3- H2PO4- HCO3-
54
whats Arrhenius' theory
an acid is a chemical that is able to ionize to form hydrogen ions or protons when mixed into water
55
what does arrhenius theory for bases state
that a base is a chemical that dissociates to form a hydroxide ion when mixed with water
56
whats a conjugate acid-base pair
a pair of substances with formulas that differ only by a proton
57
what does brownsted lowry focus on
the role of the chemical species in a reaction rather than on the acidic or basic properties of the aqeuous solutions
58
what happens to the strength of a conjugate acid if the base is strong
the stronger the base, the weaker its conjugate acid

Chemistry 30 - CLS (15 decks)

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