Acid Base Balance Flashcards
What happens to carbon dioxide when it binds to water
Dissociates into hydrogen ions and bicarbonate
What happnes to the bicarbonate in the rbc
Leaves the cell so chloride ion goes into to keel the electrochemical balance
What happens to bicarboante in the kidney
becomes actively reabsorbed rather than being lost in the urine
How is hydrogen lost in the urine
by the breakdown of ammonia in the kidnyes
In acidosis what happnes to bicarboante and co2
Decreases in bicarboante with normal pc02
Or
Decrease in pc02 with normal bicarbonate
In alkalosis what happens to bicarboante and pco2
Rise in bicarbonate and normal pco2
Or
Decrease pco2 and normal bicarbonate
What is complete compensation
When the ph returns back to normal
What is partial compensatin
When the ph returns nearly back to normal
What is the compensation in metabolic acidosis
You breath quicker, this means you blow out co2 so that you have less hydrogen
What is the compensation in metabolic alkalosis
Respiratory depression so co2 increases to increase hydrogen
What is respiratory acidosis compensation
Renal by increasing bicarbonate absorption
What is the compensation in respiratory alkalosis
Kidney decrease bicarbonate absorption
Whic compensation takes longer
Metabolic compared to respiratory
What is the practial approach to acid base disorder
- Is the patient acidosis or alkalosi- look at ph
2/ is the primary process respiratory or metabolic- look of pco2 and bicarbonate - Is compensation appropriate
- If acidosis is there an anion gap
- Is more than one disorder present
What are the causes of metabolic acidosis
- Too much hydrogen ions: ketoacidosis, lactic acidosis, durgs and ethanol
- Little hydrogen secretion from the kidney: renal failure, RTA, mineralocoticoid deficiency
- Loss of bicarboinate buffer system: diarrhoea, renal tubular acidosis
