Acids, Alkalis, and Neutralisation 4,4,2

Question 1

Acids react with some metals to produce salts and hydrogen. These are redox reactions due to gaining or losing an electron. Acids always begin H+ and alkalis with OH-

Question 2

Acids are neutralised by alkalis (soluble metal hydroxides) and bases (insoluble mental hydroxides and metal oxides) to produce salts, water and CO2

Question 3

The products of any neutralisation reaction depends on the Acid, and the form of metal it is being reacted with:
Hydrochloric acid produces chlorides
Nitric acid produces nitrates
Sulfuric acid produces sulfates

Question 4

The products of any neutralisation reaction depends on the Acid, and the form of metal it is being reacted with:
Metal + Acid makes Salt + Hydrogen
Metal Oxide + Acid makes Salt + Water
Metal Hydroxide + Acid makes Salt + Water
Metal Carbonate + Acid makes Salt + Water + CO2

Question 5

Soluble salts are made from acids recasting with insoluble substances such as metals, metal oxides, hydroxides or carbonates. The solid is added to the acid until now more reacts and then excess solid is filtered of to produce a solution. Salt solutions can then be crystallised to form solid salts

Question 6

Acids produces hydrogen ions(H+) in aqueous solutions. Aqueous solutions of alkalis contain hydroxide ions(OH-),
The pH scale of 0 to 14 measures the acidity or alkalinity of a solutions, using universal indicator or a probe. Acids are less than seven and alkalis are greater

Question 7

In a neutralisation reaction, hydrogen ions ready with hydroxide ions to produce water : H+ + OH- = H20

Question 8

A strong acid is completely ionised in aqueous solution. This includes hydrochloric, nitric, and sulfuric acids.
A weak acid is only partially ionised in aqueous solution. This includes ethanoic, citric, and carbonic acids.

Question 9

For a gives concentration of aqueous solution, the stronger an acid the lower the pH. As pH decreases by one unit, the hydrogen ions ready with concentration of the solution increases by a factor of 10

Question 10

Required practical 1, making a pure dry sample of a soluble salt from an insoluble oxide or carbonate- see third form notes