acids and alkalis

Question 1

What is the pH scale a measurement of?

Answer 1

The concentration of H+ ions

Question 2

What is an indicator?

Answer 2

A substance that has different colours depending on the pH

Question 3

What is the indicator practical?

Answer 3

1. Add 3-4 drops of acid into four wells of a spotting tile
2. Add 3-4 drops of alkali into four wells of a spotting tile
3. Add 3-4 drops of water into four wells of a spotting tile
4. Add methyl orange to the top three wells
5. Add phenolpthalein into the next three
6. Add both litmus papers in the next rows

Question 4

The type of salt produced depends on what?

Answer 4

The metal and the type of acid involved in the reaction.

Question 5

If the metal reacts with hydrochloric acid it makes _____?

Answer 5

metal chloride

Question 6

If the metal reacts with sulphuric acid it makes _____?

Answer 6

Metal sulphate

Question 7

Acid + Metal ->

Answer 7

Salt + Hydrogen

Question 8

If the metal reacts with nitric acid it makes _____?

Answer 8

Metal nitrate

Question 9

Acid + Metal hydroxide ->

Answer 9

Salt + water

Question 10

Acid + Metal oxide ->

Answer 10

Salt + Water

Question 11

Acid+ Metal carbonate ->

Answer 11

Salt + Water + Carbon dioxide

Question 12

Group 3 creates what type of ion?

Answer 12

3+

Question 13

Group 6 creates what type of ion?

Answer 13

3-

Question 14

Balance the equation -
Ca + H20 -> Ca(OH)2 +H2

Answer 14

Ca + 2H20 -> Ca(OH)2 + H2

Question 15

What salts are soluble?

Answer 15

All nitrates
All sodium salts
All potassium salts
All ammonium salts
Most chlorides
Most sulaftes

Question 16

What salts are insoluble?

Answer 16

All carbonates
Silver chloride
Lead Chloride
Barium sulfate
Lead sulfate
Calcium sulfate

Question 17

How to make a pure dry insoluble salt?

Answer 17

1. Add 20cm3 of 0.1m calcium nitrate to a beaker then add 20cm3 of 0.1m sodium carbonate to the beaker. A white insoluble precipitate will form in the beaker
2. Pour the contents into a filter paper in a funnel. Wash the beaker with small amounts of distilled water and add to the funnel
3. When all the liquid is drained through, remove the filter paper and lay flat to dry.

Question 18

How to make a soluble salt?

Answer 18

1. Measure 25cm3 sulphuric acid and pour into a beaker
2. Add copper carbonate, small spatula at a time and stir until it dissolves.
3. Repeat until it no longer dissolves
   4.Place filter paper into a funnel and pour the mixture through into a conical flask.
4. Pour into an evaporating basin and leave to evaporate on a window

Copper sulphate crystals will form

Question 19

How to make a soluble salt using titrations?

Answer 19

1. Use a measuring cylinder to measure 10cm3 of the alkali sodium hydroxide
2. Pour into a conical flask
3. Add 3 drops of phenolpthalein
4. Fill the burette with hydrochloric acid
5. Stand the conical flask on a white tile with the burette positioned above
6. Open the tap and let it run through, swirling the flask constantly until it becomes neutral
7. Read how much acid was needed and record
8. Repeat

Question 20

What is a strong acid?

Answer 20

Acids that fully dissociate into ions to produce H+ ions

Question 21

What is a weak acid?

Answer 21

Acids that partially dissociate into ions to produce H+ ions

Question 22

The higher the _______ of ________ ions in an acidic solution- the lower the pH

Answer 22

1. Concentration
2. Hydrogen

Question 23

The higher the _______ of ________ ions in an alkaline solution - the higher the pH

Answer 23

1. Concentration
2. Hydroxide

Question 24

What is the mole?

Answer 24

6.02 x10(power of 23)

Question 25

What is the mole equation?

Answer 25

mass _____________________ moles x atomic mass

Question 26

What is a solute?

Answer 26

A solid that is dissolved into a solvent

Question 27

What is a solvent?

Answer 27

A solution that a solid will dissolve in normal water

Question 28

What is a solution?

Answer 28

Made up of a solute and a solvent

Question 29

What is concentration measured in?

Answer 29

g/dm(cubed)

Question 30

g/dm(cubed) is equal to how many cm?

Answer 30

1000cm

Question 31

How to get from cm(cubed) to dm(cubed)?

Answer 31

x1000 cm dm /1000

Question 32

Concentration equation?

Answer 32

Mass of solute ______________________ Volume of a solution

Question 33

What is a limiting reactant?

Answer 33

The reactant that gets all used up ?

Question 34

The reactant left over is called?

Answer 34

The excess

Question 35

The mass of the product depends on the ------------- ?

Answer 35

limiting reactant