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Year 8 science > Acids And Alkalis > Flashcards

Acids And Alkalis Flashcards

1
Q

Properties of Acids

A

They are Liquids
They are Solutions of compounds in water
If concentrated they can be corrosive
Can taste sour (eg. vinegar and lemon juice)
They turn blue litmus paper red - an easy test for acid
Usually react to metals to form salts
They contain hydrogen ions (OH)
They turn universal indicator from green to red
Have a pH less than 7

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2
Q

Properties of Alkalis

A

They feel soapy to the touch
They are soluble bases
Like acids, they can burn the skin
They turn red litmus paper blue - this is how you test for alkali
Contain hydroxide ions (OH)
They taste bitter.
Turns universal indicator from green to blue or purple

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3
Q

Properties of Neutral Substances

A

Litmus paper is not affected by neutral paper.
Tend to be harmless
Universal indicator stays green

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4
Q

Examples of common acids used in laboratories

A

Hydrochloride Acid (HCl)

Nitric Acid (HNO)

Sulphuric Acid (H2SO)

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5
Q

Examples of common alkalis used in laboratories

A

Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH)

Ammonia ( NH3NH4OH)

Calcium Hydroxide (Ca(OH))

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6
Q

Examples of neutral substances

A

Water

Sodium Chloride Solution (NACl)

Sugar solution (C6H12O6)

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7
Q

How do we measure how strong it weak acids or alkalis are?

A

Measure using a pH scale.

A pH scale goes from 0-14.

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8
Q

pH level below 7 is an …

A

Acid

The strongest acid has pH 0

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9
Q

pH level above 7 is an ….

A

Alkali

The strongest alkali has pH 14

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10
Q

A neutral substance has a pH level of ….

A

pH 7 (Like water)

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11
Q

What are indicators?

A

Indicators tell us if a substance is an acid or an alkali by changing colour depending on what it is

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12
Q

Examples of indicators are?

A

Litmus Paper (can be red or blue) - acids turn blue litmus paper red and alkalis turn red litmus paper blue

Universal indicator is a liquid indicator- acids give the colours red to yellow, neutral solutions give a green colour and alkalis give the colours blue to purple

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13
Q

Examples of acids and alkalis

A

Stomach acid - strong acid (1)

Rain water - weak acid (5)

Washing up liquid - weak alkali (8)

Oven cleaner - strong alkali (13)

Lemon juice - strong acid (2)

Water - neutral (7)

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14
Q

What happens when acids and alkali react

A

They make a salt and water reaction and this reaction is called a neutralisation reaction

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15
Q

Give an example of a neutralisation reaction

A

Hydrochloric acid (an acid) + sodium hydroxide (an alkali) = sodium chloride (a salt) + water

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Year 8 science (5 decks)

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