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Anachem 101 > Acids and Bases > Flashcards

Acids and Bases Flashcards

(100 cards)

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1
Q

Donates protons

A

Acid

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2
Q

Accepts protons

A

Base

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3
Q

Are molecules or substance that has a positive electric charge

A

Protons

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4
Q

Formed when an acid loses a proton-formed

A

Conjugate base

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5
Q

When a base accepts a proton

A

Conjugate acid

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6
Q

A positively charged ion

A

Cation

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7
Q

A negatively charged ion

A

Anion

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8
Q

Is an ion that has both positive and a negative charge

A

Zwitterion

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9
Q

French chemist proposed that all acids contain a common element oxygen.

A

Antoine Lavoisier

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10
Q

Antoine Lavoisier proposed that all acids contain a common element. What common element is this?

A

Oxygen

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11
Q

TRUE or FALSE

Oxygen is derived from a Greek phrase meaning “acid former.”

A

True

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12
Q

Oxygen is derived from a Greek phrase meaning what?

A

acid former

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13
Q

Showed in 1810 that muriatic acid (now called hydrochloric acid) contains only hydrogen and chlorine but no oxygen

A

English chemist Sir Humphrey Davy

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14
Q

Muriatic acid is now called?

A

Hydrochloric acid

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15
Q

TRUE or FALSE

Muriatic acid contains only hydrogen and chlorine and there is oxygen

A

FALSE

Muriatic acid contains only hydrogen and chlorine BUT NO oxygen

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16
Q

TRUE or FALSE

Davy’s studies suggested that the common element in acids is hydrogen, not oxygen.

A

TRUE

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17
Q

Who suggested that the common element in acids is hydrogen, not oxygen?

A

English chemist Sir Humphrey Davy

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18
Q

In 1887, who clarified the relationship between acidic behavior and the presence of hydrogen in a compound?

A

Swedish chemist Svance Arrhenius (1859-1927)

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19
Q

A substance that dissociates in water to give hydrogen ions (H^+)

A

An acid

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20
Q

A substance that dissociates in water to give hydroxide ions (OH-)

A

A base

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21
Q

General formula for metal hydroxide

A

MOH

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22
Q

Accounts for the properties of many common acids and bases, but it has important limitations.

A

Arrhenius theory

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23
Q

TRUE or FALSE

Arrhenius theory is restricted to aqueous solutions

A

TRUE

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24
Q

TRUE or FALSE

Arrhenius theory is open to all aqueous solutions

A

FALSE

Arrhenius theory is restricted to aqueous solutions

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25
TRUE or FALSE | Arrhenius theory it doesn't account for the basicity of substances
TRUE
26
TRUE or FALSE | Arrhenius theory it does account for the basicity of substances
FALSE | Arrhenius theory it DOESN'T account for the basicity of substances
27
TRUE or FALSE | Arrhenius theory it doesn't account for the basicity of substances like corona (NH₂) that don't contain OH groups.
TRUE
28
In 1923, a more general theory of acids and bases was proposed independently by
Danish chemist Johannes Bronsted and English chemist Thomas Lowry
29
TRUE or FALSE | According to the Bronsted-Lowry theory, an acid is any substance that can transfer a proton to another substance
TRUE
30
TRUE or FALSE | According to the Bronsted-Lowry theory, a base is any substance that can accept a proton.
TRUE
31
TRUE or FALSE | According to the Bronsted-Lowry theory, a base is any substance that can transfer a proton to another substance
FALSE | It should be an acid, not a base
32
TRUE or FALSE | According to the Bronsted-Lowry theory, an acid is any substance that can accept a proton.
FALSE | It should be a base, not an acid
33
Any substance that can accept a proton.
A base
34
Is any substance that can transfer a proton to another substance
An acid
35
Proton donors
Acids
36
Proton acceptors
Bases
37
TRUE or FALSE | Bases are proton donors
FALSE | Bases are proton acceptors
38
TRUE or FALSE | Acids are proton acceptors
FALSE | Acids are proton donors
39
Are proton-transfer reactions:
Acid-base reactions
40
A substance that can transfer H^+
Bronsted-Lowry Acid
41
A substance that can accept H^+
Bronsted-Lowry Base
42
TRUE or FALSE | Bronsted-Lowry Acid is a substance that can transfer H^+
TRUE
43
TRUE or FALSE | Bronsted-Lowry Base is a substance that can accept H^+
TRUE
44
TRUE or FALSE | Bronsted-Lowry Acid is a substance that can accept H^+
FALSE | Bronsted-Lowry Acid is incorrect. It should be Bronsted-Lowry Base.
45
TRUE or FALSE | Bronsted-Lowry Base is a substance that can transfer H^+
FALSE | Bronsted-Lowry Base is incorrect. It should be Bronsted-Lowry Acid .
46
TRUE or FALSE | Different acids dissociate to different extents in aqueous solution.
TRUE
47
TRUE or FALSE | Different bases dissociate to different extents in aqueous solution.
FALSE | Different acids
48
TRUE or FALSE | Acids that dissociate to a large extent are strong electrolytes and strong acids
TRUE
49
TRUE or FALSE | Acids that dissociate to only a small extent are weak electrolytes and weak acids
TRUE
50
TRUE or FALSE | Acids that dissociate to a large extent are weak electrolytes and strong acids
FALSE | Acids that dissociate to a large extent are STRONG electrolytes and strong acids
51
TRUE or FALSE | Acids that dissociate to only a small extent are strong electrolytes and weak acids
FALSE | Acids that dissociate to only a small extent are WEAK electrolytes and weak acids
52
Identify if the given is a strong electrolyte/s, weak electrolyte/s or Nonelectrolyte/s. HCl-Hydrochloric acid, HBr-Hydrobromic acid, HI-Hydrogen iodide
Strong electrolyte/s
53
Identify if the given is a strong electrolyte/s, weak electrolyte/s or Nonelectrolyte/s. CH3CO2H-Acetic acid
weak electrolyte/s
54
Identify if the given is a strong electrolyte/s, weak electrolyte/s or Nonelectrolyte/s. H2O
Nonelectrolyte/s
55
Identify if the given is a strong electrolyte/s, weak electrolyte/s or Nonelectrolyte/s. CH3OH (methyl alcohol)
Nonelectrolyte/s
56
Identify if the given is a strong electrolyte/s, weak electrolyte/s or Nonelectrolyte/s. НF-Hafnium
weak electrolyte/s
57
Identify if the given is a strong electrolyte/s, weak electrolyte/s or Nonelectrolyte/s. HCIO-Hypochlorous acid
Strong electrolyte/s
58
Identify if the given is a strong electrolyte/s, weak electrolyte/s or Nonelectrolyte/s. HNO3-Nitric acid
Strong electrolyte/s
59
Identify if the given is a strong electrolyte/s, weak electrolyte/s or Nonelectrolyte/s. H₂SO4-sulfuric acid
Strong electrolyte/s
60
Identify if the given is a strong electrolyte/s, weak electrolyte/s or Nonelectrolyte/s. KBr-Potassium bromide
Strong electrolyte/s
61
Identify if the given is a strong electrolyte/s, weak electrolyte/s or Nonelectrolyte/s. NaCl-Sodium chloride
Strong electrolyte/s
62
Identify if the given is a strong electrolyte/s, weak electrolyte/s or Nonelectrolyte/s. C2H3OH (ethyl alcohol)
Nonelectrolyte/s
63
Identify if the given is a strong electrolyte/s, weak electrolyte/s or Nonelectrolyte/s. C12H22011 (sucrose
Nonelectrolyte/s
64
Identify if the given is a strong electrolyte/s, weak electrolyte/s or Nonelectrolyte/s. N2OH-Sodium hydroxide, KOH-Potassium hydroxide
strong electrolyte/s
65
Identify if the given is a strong electrolyte/s, weak electrolyte/s or Nonelectrolyte/s. Most compounds of carbon (organic compounds)
Nonelectrolyte/s
66
Identify if the given is a strong electrolyte/s, weak electrolyte/s or Nonelectrolyte/s Other soluble ionic compounds
strong electrolyte/s
67
Substances which dissolve in water to produce conducting solutions of ions
Electrolytes
68
TRUE or FALSE | NaCl or KBr is an example of Electrolytes
TRUE
69
Do not produce ions in aqueous solution
Nonelectrolytes
70
TRUE or FALSE | Nonelectrolytes - substances such as sucrose or ethyl alcohol, which do not produce ions in aqueous solution
TRUE
71
Different acids can have ___________________ and yield different numbers of H₂O+ ions in solution
different numbers of acidic hydrogens
72
A monoprotic acid because it provides only one H+ ion
Hydrochloric acid (HCI)
73
``` TRUE or FALSE Hydrochloric acid (HCI) is a monoprotic acid because it provides more than one H+ ion ```
``` FALSE Hydrochloric acid (HCI) is a monoprotic acid because it provides ONLY one H+ ion ```
74
A diprotic acid because it can provide two H+ ions.
Sulfuric acid (H₂SO4)
75
``` TRUE or FALSE Sulfuric acid (H₂SO4) is a diprotic acid because it can provide two H+ ions. ```
TRUE
76
A triprotic acid and can provide three H+ ions
Phosphoric acid (H3PO4)
77
TRUE or FALSE With sulfuric acid, the first dissociation of an H+ is complete—all H₂SO4 molecules lose one H+
TRUE
78
TRUE or FALSE With sulfuric acid, the second dissociation of an H+ is complete—all H₂SO4 molecules lose one H+
FALSE | first dissociation
79
TRUE or FALSE With sulfuric acid, - the second dissociation is incomplete, as indicated by the double arrow in the following equation: H₂SO4 (aq) + H₂O(l)  H2SO4 (aq) + H3O+ (aq) HSO4-(aq) + H₂O(l) 〖SO〗_(4 ) 2^- (aq) + H₂O+ (aq)
TRUE
80
H3PO4(aq) + H₂O(l) H₂PO4¯(aq) + H3O+(aq) H₂PO4¯(aq) + H₂O(l) 〖HPO〗_(4 ) 2^- (aq) + H3O+(aq) 〖HPO〗_(4 ) 2^- (aq) + H₂O(l) 〖PO〗_(4 ) 3^- (aq) + H3O+ (aq)
Phosphoric acid
81
Is HClO4, Perchloric acid, a strong acid?
Yes
82
Is H2SO4, Sulfuric acid, a strong acid?
Yes
83
Is HBr, Hydrobromic acid, a strong acid?
Yes
84
Is HBr, Hydrobromic acid, a weak acid?
No. It's a strong acid.
85
Is H2SO4, Sulfuric acid, a strong base?
No. It's a strong acid.
86
Is HCl, Hydrochloric acid, a strong acid?
Yes.
87
Is HNO3, Nitric acid, a weak base?
No. It's a strong acid.
88
Is KOH, Potassium hydroxide, a weak base?
No. It's a strong base.
89
Is NaOH, a strong acid?
No. It's a strong base.
90
Is Ba(OH)2, a strong base?
Yes
91
Is Ca(OH)2, a strong base?
Yes
92
Is NH3, Ammonia, a weak base?
Yes
93
Is NH3, Ammonia, a strong base?
No. It's a weak base.
94
Is Phosphoric Acid (H3PO4) a strong acid?
No. It's a weak acid.
95
Is Hydrofluoric acid (HF) a weak acid?
Yes
96
Is HNO2, Nitrous acid, a strong acid?
No. It's a weak acid.
97
Is CH3CO2H a strong acid?
No. It's a weak acid.
98
TRUE or FALSE | CH3CO2H is Acetic acid
TRUE
99
TRUE or FALSE | Most acids are oxoacids.
TRUE
100
They contain oxygen in addition to hydrogen and other elements
Oxoacids

Anachem 101 (5 decks)

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