acids and bases Flashcards
(21 cards)
Q: What is an acid?
A: A substance that releases H⁺ ions (protons) when dissolved in water
What is a base?
A: A substance that releases OH⁻ ions (hydroxide ions) when dissolved in water.
Q: What does pH < 7 indicate?
The solution is acidic
: What does pH > 7 indicate?
: The solution is basic
What does pH = 7 indicate?
The solution is neutral (e.g., pure water).
What happens when blue litmus paper is placed in an acid?
The litmus paper turns red.
What happens when blue litmus paper is placed in a base?
The litmus paper stays blue.
Q: What happens when blue litmus paper is placed in a neutral substance?
The litmus paper stays blue.
Q: Which compound reacts with water to form a base: Li₂O, LiOH, Li₂CO₃, or Li?
Li₂O reacts with water to form LiOH (a base).
What is a strong acid?
A: An acid that fully dissociates in water, like HCl or HNO₃.
What is a weak acid?
A: An acid that partially dissociates in water, like acetic acid (CH₃COOH).
Q: What is a strong base?
A base that fully dissociates in water, like NaOH or LiOH
What is a weak base?
A base that partially dissociates in water, like ammonia (NH₃).
: What does OH⁻ represent in a solution?
It indicates a base, as hydroxide ions are released in water to make the solution basic.
Q: What is the product when a metal oxide (like Li₂O) reacts with water?
A: It forms a base (like LiOH).
Q: What does Li₂CO₃ (lithium carbonate) do in water?
A: It forms a weak base in water.
Q: What happens when a strong acid reacts with a strong base?
They neutralize each other, forming water and a salt.
How do you know if a substance will form a basic solution in water?
A: If it contains OH⁻ (hydroxide) or reacts with water to form OH⁻ ions (like Li₂O).
How do you know if a substance will form an acidic solution in water?
A: If it releases H⁺ ions (like HCl or H₂SO₄).
What is the pH of a strong acid in water?
A: It is below 7, often close to 0
What is the pH of a strong base in water?
A: It is above 7, often close to 14.
