Acids and Bases

Question 1

properties of acids

Answer 1

taste sour
can be corrosive to flesh
change the color of indicators
produce hydrogen when they react w/ active metals
neutralizes bases
conduct electricity

Question 2

Properties of bases

Answer 2

taste bitter
concentrated can burn flesh
change the color of indicators
feels slipery
neutralizes acids
conduct electricity

Question 3

amphoteric

Answer 3

reacts with both an acid and a base

Question 4

indicators

Answer 4

substances that changes color in the presence of an acid or a base

Question 5

chart for naming acids

Answer 5

-ate. -ic
-ite -ous
-ide hydro -ic (add the word acid to the end)

Question 6

naming oxyacids (what is it)

Answer 6

an acid that contains hydrogen and a polyatomic ion

Question 7

how to name oxyacids

Answer 7

-Start with the root anion
-change -ate to -ic or -ite to -ous
-end with acid

Question 8

Hydronium and hydroxide in water

Answer 8

-Conductivity experiments have shown that water is a very weak electrolyte, indicating the presence of ions (water is self-ionizing)
-since there are = numbers of hydronium and hydroxide, water is neutral

Question 9

arrhenius acids and bases

Answer 9

arrheius knew that acids and bases were conductors, so he though it must be based on ions in sol.

Question 10

arrhenius acid

Answer 10

a chemical compound that increases the concentration of hydrogen ions (h+) in an aqueous sol.

Question 11

arrhenius base

Answer 11

a chemichal compound that provides hydroxide ions (OH-), in an aqueous sol.

Question 12

Bronsted-Lowry acids and bases

Answer 12

-Danish chemist J.N. Bronstead and English chemist T.M. Lowry expanded their definition

Question 13

bronstead lowry acid

Answer 13

is a molecule or ion that is a proton donor

Question 14

bronstead lowry base

Answer 14

is a molecule or ion that is a proton acceptor

Question 15

NH3 BL thing

Answer 15

NH3 and negative ions are B-L bases

Question 16

Bronsted-Lowry acids and bases cont.

Answer 16

-The free protons are now attracted to the end of a water molecule
-making hydronium -H3O+

Question 17

dissociation equation

Answer 17

-acid dissociated, meaning that the compound breaks into ions
-but when in water, the hydronium ion attaches to a water molecule making hydronium (H3O+)

Question 18

ionization of bases

Answer 18

-Bronstead-lowry bases in water make hyrdoxide in solution

Question 19

Conjugate acids and bases

Answer 19

a conjugate acid is what is left over after a base accepts its proton

Question 20

1H
2H
3H

Answer 20

monoprotic
diprotic
triprotic

Question 21

neutralizaiton

Answer 21

-double replacement
-the positive ion from the base and the negative ion from the acid form the salt acid + base -> water + salt

Question 22

strong acids vs. weak acids (solution)

Answer 22

strong acids completely dissolve in solution
weak acids partially dissolve in solution

Question 23

strong bases vs weak bases (solutions)

Answer 23

Strong bases completely dissociate in solution
Weak bases partially dissociate in solution

Question 24

Strong acids vs. weak acids (conjugate)

Answer 24

Strong acids make weaker conjugate bases
Weak acids make stronger conjugate bases

Question 25

Strong bases vs weak bases (conjugate)

Answer 25

Strong bases make weaker conjugate acids Weak bases make strong conjugate acids

Question 26

Ionization constant Kw

Answer 26

in water the concentration of hydronium is equal to the concentration of hydroxide

Question 27

Calculating [H3O+] and [OH-]

Answer 27

[H3O+] and [OH-] are inversely related, so when one goes up, the other goes down When you add an acid, [H3O+] increases and [OH-] increases, and [OH+] decreases

Question 28

pH- measure of the [H3O+]

Answer 28

p means- log comes from French for hydrogen power, the negative of the common log of the hydronium ion concentration