Acids And Bases

Question 0

What is a Brønsted-Lowry base?

Answer 0

Proton (H+) acceptor

Question 1

What is a Brønsted-Lowry acid

Answer 1

Proton (H+) donor

HCl

Question 2

What is a Lewis acid?

Answer 2

Electron pair acceptor

NH3

Question 3

What is a Lewis base?

Answer 3

Electron pair donor

Cu2+

Question 4

Are all Brønsted-Lowry acids Lewis acids?

Answer 4

Yes

Lewis acids do not have proton transfer

Question 5

Litmus in acid and alkali

Answer 5

Acid - pink

Alkali-blue

Question 6

Methyl orange color in acid and base

Answer 6

Acid-red

Alkali-yellow

Question 7

Phenolphthalein colour in acids and alkali

Answer 7

Acid-colourless

Alkali-pink

Question 8

What is a base?

Answer 8

Substance that accepts H+

Metal oxides/hydroxides
Ammonia
Soluble carbonates/ hydrogen carbonates

Question 9

What is an alkali ?

Answer 9

Alkalis form OH- ions

Question 10

Acid + metal –>

Answer 10

Acid + metal –> salt + hydrogen

Question 11

Acid + base –>

Answer 11

Acid + vase –> salt + water

Neutralization reaction

Question 12

Acid + carbonate –>

Answer 12

Acid + carbonate –> salt + water + carbon dioxide

Question 13

How to distinguish between strong and weak acids and bases

3 ways

Answer 13

Electrical conductivity
Strong high

Rate of reaction

pH

Question 14

Weak acids

Answer 14

Ethanoic (organic)

Carbonic (H2CO3)

Phosphoric (H3PO4)

Question 15

Strong acids

Answer 15

Hydrochloric

Nitric (HNO3)

Sulfuric

Question 16

Strong bases

Answer 16

Li/Na/K/Ba hydroxide

Question 17

Weak acids

Answer 17

Ammonia

Ethylamine

Question 18

How difference between strong and weak acids?

Answer 18

Strong acids/bases- almost complete dissociation in solution

Weak-partially dissociate in solution

Question 19

What is a change in 1 pH in H+?

Answer 19

X10

Question 20

pH =

Answer 20

pH= - log [H+]

H+ = 10^-pH

Question 21

What is Kw?

Answer 21

Ionic product constant of water

Kc [H2O] = [ H+] [OH-]

Question 22

What affects KW?

Answer 22

Temperature dependent (equilibrium constant)

Increase temperature increases kW

• more dissociation
• endothermic

Question 23

Find H+ of pure water

Answer 23

H+ = square root KW

Question 24

At 25c Find pOH knowing pH

Answer 24

pH + pOH = 14

Question 25

Find pH from pKw

Answer 25

pH + pOH = pKw

Question 26

What is Ka?

Answer 26

Ka = [H3O+] [A-] / [HA] Concentration of ions/ dissociation -acid dissociation constant

Question 27

What affects Ka?

Answer 27

- temperature | - acid

Question 28

What is Kb?

Answer 28

Kb = [BH+] [OH-] / [B] Base dissociation constant

Question 29

What is a larger pKa?

Answer 29

Weaker acid

Question 30

Relationship between acid and conjugate base

Answer 30

Strong acid = weak conjugate base

Question 31

Organize acid strong to weak:

Answer 31

B&j jhhhh

Question 32

What is a buffer solution?

Answer 32

Resistant to change in pH When adding a Small amounts if acid/alkali

Question 33

Composition of acidic buffers

Answer 33

Weak acid (ch3cooh) Salt of weak acid+strong alkali (Nach3coo) Fully Dissociates to CH3COO-

Question 34

What happens in acidic buffer adding H+

Answer 34

Reacts with base H+ + CH3COO- CH3COOH

Question 35

What happens add OH- in acidic buffer?

Answer 35

OH- reacts with acid CH3COOH + OH- CH3COO- + H2O

Question 36

Composition of basic buffer?

Answer 36

Weak base (NH3) Salt of weak base+strong acid (NH4Cl) Fully dissociates to NH4+

Question 37

Determine pH of buddy solution

Answer 37

Bffbdbgddb

Question 38

Find pH

Answer 38

pH =pKa + log[salt]/[acid]

Question 39

In buffer when does pH=pKa and pOH=pKb

Answer 39

[acid]=[salt] [base]=[salt]

Question 40

How to make buffer

Answer 40

Jfjdjhhe

Question 41

Factors affect buffers

Answer 41

Temperature - change Ka/ kb, changes pH Not dilution- not change pH but buffer capacity

Question 42

What is the equivalence point ?

Answer 42

In titration Stoichiometrically equivalent amount avid and base Salt and water only

Question 43

Strong acid and base

Answer 43

Equivalence - 7 Initial pH 1 PH changes gradually to equivalence Ph jump 3-11 at equivalence Curve flattens at high pH

Question 44

Weak acid strong base

Answer 44

Equivalence - >7 Initial pH girly high 3 Stays constant until equivalence Jump form 7-11 at equivalence Curve flattens at high pH 13