Acids And Bases Flashcards
(20 cards)
Bases
Indigestion tablets, toothpaste, soap, window cleaner, shampoo, bread soda.
Acids in the lab
Hydrochloric acid - also found in the stomach.
Sulphuric acid - also found in car batteries.
Bases in the lab
Sodium Hydroxide - NaOH
Limewater - Ca(OH)2
Acid
Lemons, vinegar, vitamin C, grapes, rhubarb, fizzy drinks, tea, apples.
pH
We can tell how acidic or basic a substance is by measuring something called pH. pH - neutral (7 on the scale)
Alkali
A base that dissolves in water is called an alkali, eg. drain cleaner (sodium hydroxide)
Neutral
If something is neither an acid nor a base, and has a pH of 7, then it is neutral.
Neutralisation
If an acid and base are mixed together in the right concentrations, them they neutralise each other. A salt and water are produced.
Indigestion
Excess stomach acid, take an antacid (anti-acid) which is a base.
A bee sting
Is acidic. Rubbing a base, eg. Bread soda will neutralise it.
A wasp sting
Is alkaline. This needs to be treated with an acid, eg. Vinegar.
Titration
An export net to neutralise an acid (hydrochloric acid) with a base (sodium hydroxide) is called titration.
The products of titration
Are a salt and water.
Indicator papaer
An indicator changes colour to tell us if something is acidic or basic. eg. Litmus is a dye on indicator paper (litmus paper).
Acids turn blue litmus paper…
…red.
Bases turn red litmus paper…
…blue.
Universal indicator paper
This changes different colours for different pH values, it compared to the key on the pack.
Datalogging
This is where you use a pH sensor connected to a computer to measure pH.
Test for Hydrogen
Lit splint will ‘pop’.
Test for carbon dioxide
Limewater will turn milky.
