Acids and Bases

Question 1

what is an alkali?

Answer 1

a soluble base

Question 2

what changes with litmus?

Answer 2

colour

Question 3

what can an acid be neutralised by?

Answer 3

a base or alkali or vice versa

Question 4

Understand that indicators use colour change to

show changes in pH

Answer 4

• sudden or gradual changes

* colour changes over different pH ranges

Question 5

Explain why an acid is neutralised by an alkali in

terms of the ions present

Answer 5

• acids contain H+
• alkalis contain OH–
• neutralisation involves the reaction
H+ + OH– H2O

Question 6

word equation for when a base and acid are added together

Answer 6

acid + base -> a salt + water

Question 7

why do carbonates neutralise acids?

Answer 7

to give water, a salt and carbon dioxide

Question 8

what is the pH of an acid determined by?

Answer 8

the concentration of H+ ions

Question 9

in a solution what ions do all acids have?

Answer 9

H+ ions

Question 10

Predict the name of the salt produced when a named
base or carbonate is neutralised by a laboratory acid
limited to:
• sulfuric acid
• nitric acid
• hydrochloric acid
• phosphoric acid

Answer 10

• sulfate
• nitrate
• chloride
• phosphate

Question 11

Explain why metal oxides and metal hydroxides

neutralise acids

Answer 11

to produce a salt, water and carbon dioxide