Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Alevel CHEM > Acids And Bases > Flashcards

Acids And Bases Flashcards

(44 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

What is hydrochloride acid

A

Hcl

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Sulphuric avid

A

H2 so4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Nitric avid

A

HNO3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Ethanoic acid

A

Ch3cooh

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What do acids do when dissolved in water ?

A

Dissociate to release hydrogen ions

Proton donors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is dissociation

A

Process of giving up a proton

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Strong acids

A

Release all their atoms ( hydrogen ) into a solution as H+ ions

Completely dissociate

Have a low pH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Example of strong acids

A

Hcl

H2 so 4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Weak acids

A

Only release a proportion of its available hygogrn atom is to solution

Reversible

Lower concentration of h + ions in solution

Partially dissociate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is an alkali

A

A base that dissolved in water release ing hydroxide ions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are alkalis

A

Proton acceptors

Neutralise acids

Strength depends on its solubility

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Bases

A

Metal carbonates
Metal oxides

Metal hydroxides

Ammonia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Strong bases

A

Almost all of the base dissociates in water to produce oh

Forward reaction favoured

Eg NaOH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Weak bases

A

Ionise only slightly in water

Backwards reaction favoured - small amount dissociates

Few OH- released

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Neutralisation

A

H+ ions react with a vase to forma salt and neutral water

The h+ionsfrom the acid are replaced by metal or ammonium ions from the base

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Acid + base =

A

Salt and water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Acid + metal oxide/ hydroxide

A

Salt and water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Acid and carbonate =

Study These Flashcards
A

Salt and water and co2

19
Q

Ammonia

Study These Flashcards
A

Doesn’t produce hydroxide ions, but aqueous ammonia is an alkali

This is because the reaction between ammonia and water produce hydroxide ions

Ammonia accepts a hydrogen ions from h20 molecule - forming an ammonium ion and hydroxide ion

Nh3+ h20 = nh4+ + oh-

20
Q

Sulphuric avid

Study These Flashcards
A

Strong avid

When mixed with water each h2so4 molecule dissociates releasing 1 of its 2 hydrogen atoms as a h+ ion

21
Q

What is a titration

Study These Flashcards
A

Measure he volume of one solution that reacts exactly with another solution

22
Q

What can triteations be used for

Study These Flashcards
A

Finding conc of solution

Identification of unknown chemicals

Finding the purity of a substance

23
Q

standard solution ?

Study These Flashcards
A

Known concentration
Volumetric flask

  1. Weigh solid
  2. Dissolve solid using distilled water
  3. Transfer to volumetric flask
  4. Rinse last traces
  5. filled to graduation line
  6. Invert
24
Q

The titration

Study These Flashcards
A

Add 2nd solutions to burette
Record initial burette Reading
Drop one solution into the toher - use white tile

End Point

Repeats - so 2 concordant results are obtained ( within 0.1)

MEAN TITRE

25
Indicators - methyl orange
Yellow - orange < acid to alkali
26
Phenophthalein
Pink to colourless ( acid to alkali)
27
Systematic error
Constant error due to equipment Eg balance
28
Random error
May not always occur eg air bubble in burette
29
Margin of error of equipment
Limits of precision of equipment used to take measurements Eg pippette
30
Percentage error of equipment
Max margin of error / measured value * 100
31
Titration calculation
Concentration = amount/ volume C1v1= c2v2
32
What is oxidation number
Inform u about he number of electrons used when an atom binds with another element
33
Positive oxidation number
Electrons lost
34
Negative oxidation number
Electrons gained
35
Name of FeCl3
Iron (111) chloride
36
Rules for oxidation numbers
All I combined elements have an oxidation number of 0 and sum of oxidation number in a compound is 0 Sum of all oxidation numbers in an ion equals the charge on that ion Group 1,2,3= 1+, 2+, 3+ Fluorine - oxidation number -1 Hydrogen +1 , metal hydride = -1 Oxygen - -2 Compound with fluorine, peroxide and superoxide - e.g. h202 =-1
37
Fluorine oxidation number
-1
38
Roman numerals
Used in the names of compounds of elements that form ions with different charges Shoes oxidation state of elementary without a sign Iron (2)= Fe2+
39
What is a redox reactions
Electron transmitted
40
What is oxidation
Loss of electrons , increase in oxidation number = more positive Metals commonly lose electrons to form positive ions
41
Reduction
Gain in electron Decrease in oxidation number Non medals - gain electrons to form negative ions
42
Oxidising agent
Receive / take in electrons Are themselves reduced E.g. oxygen
43
Reducing agent
Donate electrons to Other species Are themselves oxidised
44
What is disproportion
Species reduced and oxidised

Alevel CHEM (13 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions