Acids and bases - Ch12,13

Question 1

Arrhenius acid

Answer 1

Substance that dissociates in water to give H+ ions

Question 2

Arrhenius weak acid

Answer 2

Substance that only slightly dissociates in water to give H+ ions

Question 3

Arrhenius strong acid

Answer 3

Substance that almost completely dissociates in water to give H+ ipns

Question 4

Arrhenius base

Answer 4

Substance that dissociates in water to give OH- ions

Question 5

Arrhenius weak base

Answer 5

Substance that only slightly dissociates in water to give OH- ions

Question 6

Arrhenius strong base

Answer 6

Substance that almost completely dissociates in water to give OH- ions

Question 7

Mono basic acid

Answer 7

Has only one H+ to donate
HCl

Question 8

Dibasic acid

Answer 8

Has two H+ to donate
H2SO4

Question 9

Hydronium ion H3O+

Answer 9

It is a H+

Question 10

Alkali

Answer 10

A base that is soluble in water
All alkalis are bases, all bases are not alkali because not all bases dissolve in water

Question 11

Shortcoming of arrhenius

Answer 11

• H+ don’t exist in solution, H3O+ exists
• Not all acid-base reactions require water

Question 12

Brownstead lowry acid

Answer 12

Proton donor

Question 13

Strong BL acid

Answer 13

Good proton donor

Question 14

Weak BL acid

Answer 14

Poor proton donor

Question 15

Brownstead lowry base

Answer 15

Proton acceptor

Question 16

Strong BL base

Answer 16

Good proton acceptor

Question 17

Weak BL base

Answer 17

Poor proton acceptor

Question 18

Amphoteric, amphiprotic

Answer 18

Substance that can act as an acid or a base
H2O

Question 19

Conjugate acid

Answer 19

Formed when a base accepts a proton

Question 20

Conjugate base

Answer 20

Formed when an acid donates a proton

Question 21

Conjugate pair

Answer 21

Acid and base that differ by one proton

Question 22

Neutralization

Answer 22

Acid + base –> salt + water

Question 23

Limestone

Answer 23

Used on chimneys, neutralize acidity

Question 24

Standard solution

Answer 24

Solution whose concentration is accurately known

Question 25

Primary standard

Answer 25

A substance that can be obtained in a stable, pure and solid form so that it can be weighed out and dissolved in water to give a solution of accurately known concentration

Question 26

To standardise a solution

Answer 26

To accurately find the concentration of a solution by doing a titration

Question 27

Exp. To standardise a solution of Na2CO3 (sodium carbonate):

Answer 27

1. Accurately weigh out a known mass of anhydrous sodium carbonate on a clock glass using a balance 2. Transfer with washings with deionised water to clean beaker 3. Stir with a clean glass rod until fully dissolved 4. Transfer solution to volumetric flask using a funnel and the stirring glass rod 5. Transfer with washings of beaker rod and funnel to volumetric flask 6. Funnel is removed, read at bottom of meniscus at eye level up to the mark 7. Stopper flask and invert by 20

Question 29

Washing of pipette

Answer 29

1. Rinse pipette with deionised water 2. Rinse pipette with solution it is gonna contain 3. Use pipette filler

Question 30

Filling up pipette

Answer 30

1. Using a pipette filler, fill pipette with solution up to the mark at bottom of meniscus at eye level 2. Do not mouth pipette

Question 31

Transfering from pipette

Answer 31

1. Transfer without blowing out the last drop

Question 32

Washing burette:

Answer 32

1. Rinse with deionised water 2. Rinse with solution it is gonna contain 3. Make sure to rinse the bit below the tap

Question 33

Fill and use burette:

Answer 33

1. Clamp vertically 2. Using a funnel, fill the burette with the solution above the mark 3. Remove funnel and adjust solution to the mark opening the tap. This wat the bit below the tap is also filled 4. Read from bottom of meniscus at eye level

Question 34

Ensure accuracy with burette:

Answer 34

- As you come near the end point of the titration, add the solution slowly, drop by drop - Ensure burette is clamped vertically and read from bottom of meniscus at eye level - Conical flask in white tile to be able to observe colour change - Wash down walls, swirl and drop by drop

Question 35

Exp. Use the standard solution of sodium carbonate to standardise HCl solution. INDICATOR:

Answer 35

Methyl orange Yellow to pink

Question 36

Exp. Vinegar INDICATOR:

Answer 36

Phenolphthalein Pink to colourless