Acids and Redox Flashcards
Acids, bases and neutralisation, Acid-base titration and Redox. (23 cards)
What is an acid?
When dissolved in water, it will release hydrogen ions as protons into the solution.
What is a strong acid?
It completely dissociates in aqueous solution.
What is a weak acid?
It partially dissociates in aqueous solution.
What is a base?
A base neutralises an acid to form a salt.
What is an alkali?
A base that dissolves in water releasing hydroxide ions into the solution.
What is the word equation for the neutralisation of acids with metal oxides/hydroxides?
Metal oxide/hydroxide + acid -> salt + water
What is the word equation for the neutralisation of acids with alkalis?
Acid + alkali -> salt + water
What is the word equation for the neutralisation of acids with carbonates?
Carbonate + acid -> salt + water + carbon dioxide
What is a titration?
A technique used to accurately measure the volume of one solution that reacts exactly with another solution.
What are titrations used for?
Finding the concentration of a solution.
Identification of unknown chemicals.
Finding the purity of a substance.
What are concordant results?
Within 0.10 cm^3 of each other.
When can a mean titre be worked out?
When two or more concordant results are obtained.
In an acid base titration, what rule is used to determine a solution’s concentration?
n(1)=n(2)
c(1)V(1)=c(2)V(2)
When is the oxidation number zero?
For elements on their own or bonded to atoms of the same element.
In what special case, can hydrogen have an oxidation number of -1?
When in metal hydrides.
i.e. NaH or CaH(2)
In what special case, can oxygen have an oxidation number of -1?
In peroxides.
i.e. H(2)O(2)
In what special case, can oxygen have an oxidation number of +2?
When bonded to fluorine.
i.e. F(2)O
What is oxidation?
The loss of electrons.
What is reduction?
The gain of electrons.
What is the word equation for the reaction of a metal with acid?
Metal + acid -> salt + hydrogen
H2SO4
sulfuric acid
HNO3
nitric acid
CH3COOH
ethanoic acid (vinegar)
