Acids, Base and Salts

Question 1

the chemical formula of hydrochloric acid?

Answer 1

HCL

Question 2

list 8 organic acids and their sources?

Answer 2

Loct fams

Question 3

4 mineral acids with their formulas?

Answer 3

page 79 6.2

Question 4

5 alkalis with their formula

Answer 4

page 84 6.3

Question 5

formula of acetic acid and physical state?

Answer 5

CH3COOH (aq)

Question 6

formula & state of sodium hydrogen carbonate

Answer 6

NaHCO3(s)

Question 7

Baking soda formula and name?

Answer 7

sodium bicarbonate NaHCO3

Question 8

acids react with metals to form ________?

Answer 8

salt and hydrogen gas

Question 9

formula of common salt

Answer 9

NaCl sodium chloride

Question 10

what are noble metals?

Answer 10

It is found as pure metals because they are non-reactive and don’t combine with other elements to form compounds. they are less corrosive.

Question 11

what is the formula of noble metals?

Answer 11

Gold Au,
Silver Ag
Platinum Pt
Osmium Os

Question 12

What is used to make Aqua Regia?
Why is it made?

Answer 12

Hydrochloric acid and conc. nitric acid = Aqua Regia
To dissolve noble metals.

Question 13

What is the formula of Aqua Regia?

Answer 13

3HCI + HNO3

Question 14

what is the major reason for corrosion and oxidation?

Answer 14

oxygen and atmospheric moisture.

Question 15

synthetic fibers?

Answer 15

Synthetic fibers are fibers made by humans through chemical synthesis.

They are the result of extensive research by scientists to replicate naturally occurring animal and plant fibers.

Question 16

What is the dehydrating agent?

Answer 16

a substance that dries or removes water from a material.

Question 17

What is celluloid plastic used for?

Answer 17

cheaper jewellery, jewellery boxes, hair accessories and many items

Question 18

where is the term alkali taken from

Answer 18

Arabic work qali means from ashes

Question 19

acids produce H+ ions in their ______

Answer 19

Aqueous solution

Question 20

acids react with ________ to form hydrogen and _________
Example

Answer 20

Reactive metals
salt
pg 81 mg + hcl = mgcl2 + h2

Question 21

sodium hydroxide is known as ______

Answer 21

caustic soda

Question 22

2 examples of a neutralization reaction?

Answer 22

pg 82 85

Question 23

why are noble metals found pure metals

Answer 23

non-reactive
don’t combine with other elements to form compounds.

Question 24

what etches design on metals

Answer 24

Nitric acid

Question 25

what is used in petroleum refining

Answer 25

Sulphuric acid and sodium hydroxide

Question 26

acids react with _______ to form CO2 2 eg

Answer 26

metal carbonates and metal hydrogen carbonates pg 81 and 82

Question 27

what is used as a dehydrating agent?

Answer 27

Sulphuric acid

Question 28

what is used in the manufacture of synthetic fibre formula and its other uses

Answer 28

Acetic acid CH3 COOH aq preparation of pickles in the manufacture of plastics used in the making pharmaceuticals

Question 29

______ when heated with _____ produce ammonia _______ formula?

Answer 29

Alkalis ammonium salts gas pg 86

Question 30

alkalis turn ______ litmus ______ ______ phenolphthalein _______ methyl ______ ________

Answer 30

red blue colorless pink orange yellow

Question 31

what is used for the identification of CO2? how?

Answer 31

calcium hydroxide it turns lime water milky

Question 32

slaked lime is called as

Answer 32

calcium hydroxide

Question 33

what is used for softening water

Answer 33

calcium hydroxide sodium carbonate

Question 34

name 12 salts

Answer 34

pg 87

Question 35

what are salts found in?

Answer 35

crystalline & powder forms

Question 36

why do salts have a high melting points?

Answer 36

 there is a strong electrostatic force of attraction between the oppositely charged ions. Ionic bonding is very strong.

Question 37

what aqueous solution of salt conducts electricity?

Answer 37

metal salts or their molten form

Question 38

what is responsible for the shape of crystals?

Answer 38

salts contain water molecules in their crystals which is responsible

Question 39

what is hydrolysis? example

Answer 39

chemical reaction of water with salt produces acid and a base pg 88

Question 40

Plaster of Paris formula What is used to make this?

Answer 40

CaSO4 . 1/2 H2O calcium sulphate

Question 41

Plaster of Paris is also referred to as

Answer 41

Gypsum plaster

Question 42

what is a laxative? what is used In it?

Answer 42

laxative, any drug used in the treatment of constipation to promote bowel movements. sodium potassium tartarate

Question 43

what is used to measure the strength of an acid?

Answer 43

pH scale

Question 44

what is pH scale?

Answer 44

the scale which is used to measure the strength of the acidic and alkaline solution.

Question 45

how can the pH of the solution be determined?

Answer 45

universal indicator or pH paper

Question 46

what is pH of strong and weak acids? strong and weak alkalis? pH of neutral?

Answer 46

Strong acids: 0 to 2 weak acids: 3 to 6 strong alkalis: 12 to 14 weak alkalis: 8 to 11 neutral:7

Question 47

what are neutral solutions?

Answer 47

the solution having equal concentrations of H+ ions and OH- ions. they have pH=7

Question 48

when is an acid strong?

Answer 48

when the concentration of H+ ion are more the stronger.

Question 49

solution with lower pH values are_________.

Answer 49

strong acids

Question 50

solution with higher pH values are ________.

Answer 50

strong alkalis

Question 51

the higher the pH value the _______

Answer 51

stronger alkalis

Question 52

indicators & their colors in acids and bases?

Answer 52

pg 93 6.6

Question 53

the formula of carbonic acid?

Answer 53

H2CO3 (aq)

Question 54

what is used to make plaster of pairs?

Answer 54

calcium sulphate hemihydrate

Question 55

ethanoic acid is called

Answer 55

acetic acid HC2H3O2

Question 56

What is another name for hydrochloric acid?

Answer 56

Muriatic acid

Question 57

What is another name for sulphuric acid?

Answer 57

KING OF CHEMICALS OIL OF VITRIOL

Question 58

What is another name for nitric acid?

Answer 58

Aqua Fortis

Question 59

iron Latin name

Answer 59

Ferrum (Fe)

Question 60

why do electrons have to be light?

Answer 60

to be able to move around the nucleus

Question 61

Name natural indicators.

Answer 61

red cabbage turmeric china rose and litmus

Question 62

what IS pH meter

Answer 62

It is an instrument used to measure the exact pH of a solution. When the electrode of the pH meter is dipped into the solution, the reading of its pH appears on the digital display of pH meter

Question 63

what are precipitates?

Answer 63

substances that appear as a solid insoluble product in the liquid reaction mixture

Question 64

More than _____ compounds are known to scientists.

Answer 64

3 million

Question 65

phosphoric acids uses?

Answer 65

HNO3 A flavoring agent in sodas (adds “tart”) Used in the manufacture of detergents and fertilizers Not a common laboratory reagent

Question 66

heavy metal examples

Answer 66

aluminum chloride and cadmium chloride alcl3 cdcl2

Question 67

what is goiter?

Answer 67

A goiter is the  irregular growth of the thyroid gland.