acids + bases Flashcards
1
Q
acids
A
- main purpose: to react
- found as solid crystals or solutions
2
Q
citric acid
A
- found in citrus fruits, creates sour flavour, is pretty weak
- formula: C6H8O7
3
Q
ethanoic acid/acetic acid
A
- known as vinegar, very reactive
- formula: CH3OOH
4
Q
hydrochloric acid
A
- strong acid, in stomach to break down food, causes burns
- formula: HCl
- used industrially
5
Q
properties of acids
A
corrosive, sour, conducts electricity
- reacts w/ bases + metals
6
Q
equation for dissolution of acid
A
acid –> positive hydrogen ion + negative ion
7
Q
bases
A
- also known as alkalis
- found as solids or in solutions
8
Q
sodium bicarbonate
A
- known as baking soda
- in a cake: reacts with acids to create gas, causing cake to rise
- formula: NaHCO3
9
Q
sodium hypochlorite
A
- also known as bleach, the liquid type is sodium hypochlorite + water
- used as disinfectant, but can burn if too concentrated bcuz very caustic
- formula: NaOCl
10
Q
ammonia
A
- cleaning product and fertilizer, provides plants with nitrogen
- can be used as a cleaning product
- ammonia + bleach = toxic gas
- can also be sued as fuel
- formula: NH3
11
Q
properties of bases
A
caustic, bitter + conducts electricity
- reacts with acids
12
Q
base –> alkali
A
a base becomes an alkaline solution when dissolved in water
13
Q
dissolution of bases
A
base –> negative hydroxide ions + positive ion
14
Q
indicator
A
chemical which changes colour depending on how acidic/basic a solution is
15
Q
litmus paper
A
yellow paper dipped in solution which will change colour depending on acidity/basic-ness.
- acids: red
- bases: blue
