Acids, Bases and Redox

Question 1

What is an acid?

Answer 1

A chemical that is a proton donor when dissolved in water

Question 2

What is a base?

Answer 2

A chemical that is a proton reciever, which can sometimes be dissolved into water

Question 3

What is an alkali?

Answer 3

A soluable base

Question 4

What is a H+ ion sometimes referred as?

Answer 4

A proton

Question 5

What makes an acid an acid?

Answer 5

the H+ ion

Question 6

What is a strong acid/alkali?

Answer 6

An acid/alkali that fully dissociates when dissolved in water

Question 7

What is a weak acid/alkali?

Answer 7

An acid/alkali that only partially dissociates when dissolved in water

Question 8

What does concentration mean?

Answer 8

The amount of acid/alkali there is in a solution

Question 9

What are bases made from?

Answer 9

Typically metals, but also ammonia

Question 10

What is a salt?

Answer 10

A chemical compound formed from the reaction of an acid and a base, where the hydrogen has been replaced by a metal or an ammonium ion

Question 11

What is a titration?

Answer 11

An experiment to calculate the concentration of an unknown solution compared to a known solution, typically using acid and alkali with neutralisation

Question 12

What is the equipment of a titration?

Answer 12

Burette,
Pipette,
Conical flask,
Indicator (Methyl Orange or Phenolphthalein),
Beaker,
Unknown solution,
Known solution

Question 13

What are the 10 oxidation number rules (Order Matters)?

Answer 13

1. elements have an oxidation number of 0
2. simple ions have the same charge as oxidation number
3. in non-metal hydrogen compunds, hydrogen has an oxidation number of +1
4. in metal hydrogen compounds, hydrogen has an oxidation number of -1
5. in compounds involving group 1 metals, the group 1 metals are assigned an oxidation number of +1
6. Group 2 metals have an oxidation number of +2
7. oxygen usually has an oxidation number of -2
8. Fluorine always as a -1 oxidation number, other group 7 elements typically have a -1 oxidation number
9. Sum of oxidation numbers = 0 in neutral compounds
10. Sum of oxidation number = charge, in polyatomic or complex/compound ions

Question 14

What is oxidation? What is reduction?

Answer 14

Oxidation
Is
Loss (of electrons)
Reduction
Is
Gain(of electrons)

Question 15

What is important to note for titrations?

Answer 15

How many protons an acid donates and how many protons the alkali recieves as this will change the molar ratios of the equation.