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GCSE CCEA Chemistry unit 1 > 🧪Acids, Bases and Salts🧪 > Flashcards

🧪Acids, Bases and Salts🧪 Flashcards

(63 cards)

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1
Q

Red litmus paper colour in acid

A

Red 🔴

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2
Q

Red litmus paper colour in neutral

A

Red 🔴

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3
Q

Explosive

A

A substance likely to explode

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4
Q

Toxic

A
  • substances which can cause death
  • may cause problems when swallowed, inhaled or absorbed through skin
  • e.g sulfur chlorine
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5
Q

Caution

A

Similar to toxic substances not as harmful

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6
Q

Corrosive

A

Substances which attack and destroy living tissue

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7
Q

Flammable

A

Substances which can light on fire easily

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8
Q

Red litmus paper colour in alkali

A

Blue 🔵

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9
Q

blue litmus paper in acid

A

Red 🔴

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10
Q

Blue litmus paper in neutral

A

Blue 🔵

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11
Q

Blue litmus paper in alkali

A

Blue 🔵

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12
Q

Phenolphthalein colour in acid

A

Colourless 🥽

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13
Q

Phenolphthalein colour in neutral

A

Colourless 🥽

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14
Q

Phenolphthalein colour in alkali

A

Pink 💖

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15
Q

Methyl orange colour in acid

A

Red 🔴

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16
Q

Methyl orange colour in neutral

A

Orange 🍊

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17
Q

Methyl orange colour in alkali

A

Yellow 🍋

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18
Q

What do indicators tell us?

A

If a substance is an acid or an alkali

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19
Q

What do indicators not show?

A

The strength of an alkali or acid

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20
Q

What is universal indicator solution?

A

A mixture of several indicators

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21
Q

What will universal indicator do according to the strength of an acid or alkali?

A

Change through variety of colours

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22
Q

Two methods of testing for pH

A
  • Universal indicator
  • pH meter
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23
Q

How to use universal indicator

A

Dip into solution, observe colour and compare with pH chart

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24
Q

How to use pH meter

A

Place into solution and record digital reading to at least 1 d.p

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25
What can pH meters do that universal indicator can’t?
**Accurately measure** the **pH** of **strong** or **weak acids** and **alkalis**
26
Acid
Dissolve in water to produce hydrogen ions H+(aq)
27
Hydrogen ions
H+(aq)
28
Sulfuric acid
H2SO4
29
Hydrochloric acid
HCl
30
Nitric acid
HNO3
31
Base
A substance that reacts with an acid to produce a salt and water
32
e.g of a base
- Metal oxides - metal hydroxide
33
Acid + base produces?
Salt + water
34
Alkali
- soluble base - dissolves in water to produce hydroxide ions OH-(aq)
35
hydroxide ions
OH-(aq)
36
Acid + alkali produces?
Salt + water
37
What does the strength of an acid depend on?
The number of hydrogen ions dissolved in water
38
What is a strong acid in water?
Completely ionised
39
Ionised
Breaks up completely into ions
40
A weak acid in water
- only partially ionised - Only small fraction break into ions
41
Strength of alkali
Depends on number of hydroxide ions dissolved in water
42
Strong alkali in water
Completely ionised in water, breaks up completely into ions
43
Breaks up completely into ions result
High concentration of OH- ions
44
Weak alkali in water
Partially ionised, only small fraction break into ions
45
Concentrated solution
Large number of particles dissolved per unit volume
46
Dilute solution
Small number of particles dissolved per unit, volume (more water particles brackets)
47
Difference between dilute/concentrated and strong/weak
- degree of ionisation in water - amount dissolved in water
48
Neutralisation
Neutralisation is the reaction between an acid and an alkali producing a salt and water. ACID + ALKALI -> SALT + WATER
49
ACID 🔴 + ALKALI 🟣 -> ?
SALT 🧂 + WATER 💧
50
Hydrogen ions + hydroxide ions -> ?
Water
51
Salt
Compound formed when some or all of the hydrogen ions in an acid are replaced by metal ions or ammonium ions
52
Acid + metal -> ?
Salt 🧂 + hydrogen
53
What can un reactive metals not do?
React with acids
54
Test for hydrogen
“Pop”
55
Acid + base -> ?
Salt 🧂 + water 💧
56
Acid + metal carbonate -> ?
Salt 🧂 + CO2 + H2O 💧
57
Limewater
Calcium hydroxide solution
58
What is limewater the test for?
CO2
59
Acid + alkali -> ?
Salt 🧂 + water 💧
60
Acid + ammonia -> ?
Ammonium salt 🧂
61
Calorimeter 🌡️
Measures temperature change during neutralisation reaction 🌡️ ⬆️⬇️
62
Neutralisation characteristics
- exothermic ⬅️🌡️➡️ - temperature of surroundings rises 🌡️⬆️
63
CO2 + limewater -> ?
Colourless💧 -> milky 🥛

GCSE CCEA Chemistry unit 1 (8 decks)

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